| COMOROS Union of Comoros Union des Comoros Joined United Nations: 12 November 1975 Human Rights as assured by their constitution Click here Updated 12/31/10 |
| CAPITAL |
| POPULATION |
| CHIEF OF STATE |
| SELECTION PROCESS |
Moroni
773,407 (July 2010 est.)
As defined by the 2001 constitution, the presidency rotates every
four years among the elected presidents from the three main islands
in the Union; election last held 26 December 2010; prime minister
appointed by the president; note - the post of prime minister has
been vacant since May 2002
Next scheduled election: 2014
four years among the elected presidents from the three main islands
in the Union; election last held 26 December 2010; prime minister
appointed by the president; note - the post of prime minister has
been vacant since May 2002
Next scheduled election: 2014
HEAD OF GOVERNMENT
SELECTION PROCESS
According to the Comoran Constitution, the President is both the
Chief of State and Head of Government
Chief of State and Head of Government
| DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS |
| ETHNIC GROUPS |
Antalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava
| RELIGIONS |
Sunni Muslim 98%, Roman Catholic 2%
| GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE |
Republic with 3 islands and 4 municipalities; Legal system is based on French and Islamic law in a new consolidated code
Executive: As defined by the 2001 constitution, the presidency rotates every four years among the elected presidents from the three main
islands in the Union; election last held 26 December 2010 (next to be held in 2014); prime minister appointed by the president; note - the
post of prime minister has been vacant since May 2002
Legislative: Unicameral Assembly of the Union (33 seats; 15 deputies are selected by the individual islands' local assemblies and
18 by universal suffrage; to serve for five years);
elections: 6 and 20 December 2009; though originally set for July 2009 (next to be held in 2014)
Judicial: Supreme Court or Cour Supremes (two members appointed by the president, two members elected by the Federal
Assembly, one elected by the Council of each island, and others are former presidents of the republic)
Executive: As defined by the 2001 constitution, the presidency rotates every four years among the elected presidents from the three main
islands in the Union; election last held 26 December 2010 (next to be held in 2014); prime minister appointed by the president; note - the
post of prime minister has been vacant since May 2002
Legislative: Unicameral Assembly of the Union (33 seats; 15 deputies are selected by the individual islands' local assemblies and
18 by universal suffrage; to serve for five years);
elections: 6 and 20 December 2009; though originally set for July 2009 (next to be held in 2014)
Judicial: Supreme Court or Cour Supremes (two members appointed by the president, two members elected by the Federal
Assembly, one elected by the Council of each island, and others are former presidents of the republic)
| LANGUAGES |
Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (a blend of Swahili and Arabic)
| BRIEF HISTORY |
The History of Comoros goes back thousands of years. It has been inhabited by various groups throughout this time. France
acquired the islands in the 19th century. Comoros became independent in 1975. It is thought that the earliest inhabitants of the
islands were journeymen from Indonesia-Polynesia, but traces of this original Asian culture have blended seamlessly into successive
waves of African, Arab and Shirazi immigrants. The most notable of these early immigrants were the Shirazi Arab royal clans, who
appeared in Comoros in the 15th and 16th centuries and stayed to build mosques, set up royal house and introduce architecture and
carpentry. Over the centuries, the Comoro Islands were invaded by a succession of diverse groups from the coast of Africa, the
Persian Gulf, Indonesia, and Madagascar. Portuguese explorers visited the archipelago in 1505. In 1529 the French Parmentier
brothers popped in for a visit, but the first reliable European accounts of this part of the world came from the Portuguese explorers,
Diogo Dias and Fernando Soares. The Portuguese failed to capitalise on being the first to reach the islands, and for the next century
or two the islands were used only as a pit stop during voyages up and down the coast of East Africa. In fact, up until the middle of
the 19th century, it was not European explorers but pirates from Madagascar who caused the biggest headaches. During this time
the number of sultans mushroomed at an alarming rate, and at one stage there were no fewer than 12 sultans on the island of Grande
Comore alone. The French turned their attention to the Comoros islands in the middle of the 19th century. The French finally
acquired the islands through a cunning mixture of strategies, including the divide and conquer ploy, chequebook politics and a
serendipitous affair between a sultana and a French trader that was turned to good use. The French kept control of the islands,
quelling unrest and the occasional uprising. "Shirazi" migrants introduced Islam at about the same time. On 25 March 1841, France
annexed the Mawuti Maore sultanate (the name of the island was corrupted in French to "Mayotte") as Mayotte protectorate
(ratified 13 June 1843). In 1852, Andruna is added to Mayotte protectorate and, in 1866, the large sultanate Ndzuwani (on
Anjouan island) as well. On 24 June 1886, the islands of Ngazidja (Grande Comore in French) comprised eleven sultanates, but, in
1886, the Sultan tibe (paramount ruler and Sultan) of Bambao unified them, Ndzuwani (Anjouan), and Mwali sultanate (Mohéli
island in French) become French protectorates, French résidents are posted on the three islands; on 5 September 1887 they are
collectively renamed Protectorate of the Comoros. On 9 April 1908, France declared the Comoros a dependent territory of its
Madagascar colony. On 25 July 1912, it was annexed by France and joined with Mayotte as Mayotte and dependencies, after the
ratification on 23 February 1914 subordinated to the governor general of Madagascar (Comoros dependent colony). From 16 June
1940 - 1942 the colonial administration remained loyal to Vichy France (from 1942, under Free French), but 25 September 1942 -
13 October 1946 they were, like Madagascar, under British occupation. Until the opening of the Suez Canal, the islands used to be
an important refueling and provisioning stop for ships from Europe to the Indian Ocean. Independence came gradually for
Comoros. During the middle of the 20th century the French reluctantly began to accede to reasonable requests, and by 1947
Comoros had become a separately administered colony from Madagascar. After World War II, the islands became a French
overseas territory and were represented in France's National Assembly. Internal political autonomy was granted in 1961.
Agreement was reached with France in 1973 for Comoros to become independent in 1978. On July 6, 1975, however, the
Comorian parliament passed a resolution declaring unilateral independence. The deputies of Mayotte abstained. In two
referendums, in December 1974 and February 1976, the population of Mayotte voted against independence from France (by
63.8% and 99.4% respectively). Mayotte thus remains under French administration, and the Comorian Government has effective
control over only Grande Comore, Anjouan, and Mohéli. In 1961 it was granted autnomous rule and, seven years after the global
unrest and left-wing riots of 1968, Comoros broke all ties with France and established an independent republic. From the very
beginning Mayotte refused to join the new republic and wed itself even more firmly to French protection, but the other islands
remained committed to independence. The first president of Comoros, Ahmed Abdallah Abderemane, did not last long before
being ousted in a coup by Ali Solih, an atheist with an Islamic background. Solih began with a set of solid socialist ideals that were
designed to modernize the country. However, the problems continued. A French mercenary by the name of Bob Denard, arrived in
Comoros at dawn on 13 May 1978, and removed Solih from power. Solih was shot and killed during the coup. Abdallah returned
to the fold, the mercenaries were given key positions in the ministry, and refirms were attempted. Later, French settlers,
French-owned companies, and Arab merchants established a plantation-based economy that now uses about one-third of the land
for export crops. In 1978, president Ali Soilih, who had a firm anti-French attitude, was killed and Ahmed Abdallah came to
power. Under the reign of Abdallah, Denard was commander of the Presidential Guard (PG) and de facto ruler of the country,
trained, supported and funded by the white regimes in South Africa (SA) and Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in return to the permission
to set up a secret listening station on the islands. South-African agents had to keep an ear on the important ANC bases in Lusaka
and Dar es Salaam and to watch the war in Mozambique, in which SA played an active role. The Comoros were also used for
evading arms sanctions. When in 1981 François Mitterrand was elected president Denard lost the support of the French intelligence
service, but he managed to strengthen the link between SA and the Comoros. Besides the Guard, Denard established his own
company SOGECOM, in both the security and building business. He seemed to be pretty rich. In period 1985-87 the relationship
of the PG with the local Comorians became worse. At the end of the 1980s the South Africans did not want to continue to support
a mercenary regime and France also wanted to get rid of the mercenaries. Finally, also President Abdallah wanted the mercenaries
to leave. Their response was a (third) coup and the death of President Abdallah in which Denard and his men were probably
involved. The SA and the French government subsequently forced Denard and his mercenaries to leave the islands in 1989. Said
Mohamed Djohar became president. His time in office was turbulent, including an impeachment attempt in 1991 and a coup attempt
in 1992. On September 28, 1995 Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries took over the Comoros islands in a coup (named
operation Kaskari by the mercenaries) against President Djohar. France immediately severely denounced the coup, and backed by
the 1978 defense agreement with the Comoros, President Jacques Chirac ordered his special forces to retake the island. Bob
Denard began to take measures to stop the coming invasion. A new presidential guard was created. Strong points armed with heavy
machine guns were set up around the island, particularly around the islands two airports. On October 3, 1995, 11 p.m., the French
deployed 600 men against a force of 33 mercenaries and a 300 man dissident force. Denard however ordered his mercenaries not
to fight. Within 7 hours the airports at Iconi and Hahaya and the French Embassy in Moroni were secured. By 3:00 p.m. The next
day Bob Denard and his mercenaries had surrendered. This operation, codename Azalée, was remarkable, because there were no
casualties, and just in seven days, plans were drawn up and soldiers were deployed. Denard was taken to France and jailed. Prime
minister Caambi El-Yachourtu became acting president until Djohar returned from exile in January 1996. In March of 1996,
following presidential elections, Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim, a member of the civilian government that Denard had tried to set up
in October 1995, became president. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Mohéli declared their independence from Comoros. A
subsequent attempt by the government to re-establish control over the rebellious islands by force failed, and presently the African
Union is brokering negotiations to effect a reconciliation. In May 2006, Ahmed Abdallah Sambi was elected from the island of
Anjouan to be the president of the Union of Comoros. He is a well-respected Sunni cleric that studied in the Sudan, Iran and Saudi
Arabia. He is respectfully called "Ayatollah" by his supporters but is considered a moderate Islamist.
Source: Wikipedia: History of Comoros
acquired the islands in the 19th century. Comoros became independent in 1975. It is thought that the earliest inhabitants of the
islands were journeymen from Indonesia-Polynesia, but traces of this original Asian culture have blended seamlessly into successive
waves of African, Arab and Shirazi immigrants. The most notable of these early immigrants were the Shirazi Arab royal clans, who
appeared in Comoros in the 15th and 16th centuries and stayed to build mosques, set up royal house and introduce architecture and
carpentry. Over the centuries, the Comoro Islands were invaded by a succession of diverse groups from the coast of Africa, the
Persian Gulf, Indonesia, and Madagascar. Portuguese explorers visited the archipelago in 1505. In 1529 the French Parmentier
brothers popped in for a visit, but the first reliable European accounts of this part of the world came from the Portuguese explorers,
Diogo Dias and Fernando Soares. The Portuguese failed to capitalise on being the first to reach the islands, and for the next century
or two the islands were used only as a pit stop during voyages up and down the coast of East Africa. In fact, up until the middle of
the 19th century, it was not European explorers but pirates from Madagascar who caused the biggest headaches. During this time
the number of sultans mushroomed at an alarming rate, and at one stage there were no fewer than 12 sultans on the island of Grande
Comore alone. The French turned their attention to the Comoros islands in the middle of the 19th century. The French finally
acquired the islands through a cunning mixture of strategies, including the divide and conquer ploy, chequebook politics and a
serendipitous affair between a sultana and a French trader that was turned to good use. The French kept control of the islands,
quelling unrest and the occasional uprising. "Shirazi" migrants introduced Islam at about the same time. On 25 March 1841, France
annexed the Mawuti Maore sultanate (the name of the island was corrupted in French to "Mayotte") as Mayotte protectorate
(ratified 13 June 1843). In 1852, Andruna is added to Mayotte protectorate and, in 1866, the large sultanate Ndzuwani (on
Anjouan island) as well. On 24 June 1886, the islands of Ngazidja (Grande Comore in French) comprised eleven sultanates, but, in
1886, the Sultan tibe (paramount ruler and Sultan) of Bambao unified them, Ndzuwani (Anjouan), and Mwali sultanate (Mohéli
island in French) become French protectorates, French résidents are posted on the three islands; on 5 September 1887 they are
collectively renamed Protectorate of the Comoros. On 9 April 1908, France declared the Comoros a dependent territory of its
Madagascar colony. On 25 July 1912, it was annexed by France and joined with Mayotte as Mayotte and dependencies, after the
ratification on 23 February 1914 subordinated to the governor general of Madagascar (Comoros dependent colony). From 16 June
1940 - 1942 the colonial administration remained loyal to Vichy France (from 1942, under Free French), but 25 September 1942 -
13 October 1946 they were, like Madagascar, under British occupation. Until the opening of the Suez Canal, the islands used to be
an important refueling and provisioning stop for ships from Europe to the Indian Ocean. Independence came gradually for
Comoros. During the middle of the 20th century the French reluctantly began to accede to reasonable requests, and by 1947
Comoros had become a separately administered colony from Madagascar. After World War II, the islands became a French
overseas territory and were represented in France's National Assembly. Internal political autonomy was granted in 1961.
Agreement was reached with France in 1973 for Comoros to become independent in 1978. On July 6, 1975, however, the
Comorian parliament passed a resolution declaring unilateral independence. The deputies of Mayotte abstained. In two
referendums, in December 1974 and February 1976, the population of Mayotte voted against independence from France (by
63.8% and 99.4% respectively). Mayotte thus remains under French administration, and the Comorian Government has effective
control over only Grande Comore, Anjouan, and Mohéli. In 1961 it was granted autnomous rule and, seven years after the global
unrest and left-wing riots of 1968, Comoros broke all ties with France and established an independent republic. From the very
beginning Mayotte refused to join the new republic and wed itself even more firmly to French protection, but the other islands
remained committed to independence. The first president of Comoros, Ahmed Abdallah Abderemane, did not last long before
being ousted in a coup by Ali Solih, an atheist with an Islamic background. Solih began with a set of solid socialist ideals that were
designed to modernize the country. However, the problems continued. A French mercenary by the name of Bob Denard, arrived in
Comoros at dawn on 13 May 1978, and removed Solih from power. Solih was shot and killed during the coup. Abdallah returned
to the fold, the mercenaries were given key positions in the ministry, and refirms were attempted. Later, French settlers,
French-owned companies, and Arab merchants established a plantation-based economy that now uses about one-third of the land
for export crops. In 1978, president Ali Soilih, who had a firm anti-French attitude, was killed and Ahmed Abdallah came to
power. Under the reign of Abdallah, Denard was commander of the Presidential Guard (PG) and de facto ruler of the country,
trained, supported and funded by the white regimes in South Africa (SA) and Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in return to the permission
to set up a secret listening station on the islands. South-African agents had to keep an ear on the important ANC bases in Lusaka
and Dar es Salaam and to watch the war in Mozambique, in which SA played an active role. The Comoros were also used for
evading arms sanctions. When in 1981 François Mitterrand was elected president Denard lost the support of the French intelligence
service, but he managed to strengthen the link between SA and the Comoros. Besides the Guard, Denard established his own
company SOGECOM, in both the security and building business. He seemed to be pretty rich. In period 1985-87 the relationship
of the PG with the local Comorians became worse. At the end of the 1980s the South Africans did not want to continue to support
a mercenary regime and France also wanted to get rid of the mercenaries. Finally, also President Abdallah wanted the mercenaries
to leave. Their response was a (third) coup and the death of President Abdallah in which Denard and his men were probably
involved. The SA and the French government subsequently forced Denard and his mercenaries to leave the islands in 1989. Said
Mohamed Djohar became president. His time in office was turbulent, including an impeachment attempt in 1991 and a coup attempt
in 1992. On September 28, 1995 Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries took over the Comoros islands in a coup (named
operation Kaskari by the mercenaries) against President Djohar. France immediately severely denounced the coup, and backed by
the 1978 defense agreement with the Comoros, President Jacques Chirac ordered his special forces to retake the island. Bob
Denard began to take measures to stop the coming invasion. A new presidential guard was created. Strong points armed with heavy
machine guns were set up around the island, particularly around the islands two airports. On October 3, 1995, 11 p.m., the French
deployed 600 men against a force of 33 mercenaries and a 300 man dissident force. Denard however ordered his mercenaries not
to fight. Within 7 hours the airports at Iconi and Hahaya and the French Embassy in Moroni were secured. By 3:00 p.m. The next
day Bob Denard and his mercenaries had surrendered. This operation, codename Azalée, was remarkable, because there were no
casualties, and just in seven days, plans were drawn up and soldiers were deployed. Denard was taken to France and jailed. Prime
minister Caambi El-Yachourtu became acting president until Djohar returned from exile in January 1996. In March of 1996,
following presidential elections, Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim, a member of the civilian government that Denard had tried to set up
in October 1995, became president. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Mohéli declared their independence from Comoros. A
subsequent attempt by the government to re-establish control over the rebellious islands by force failed, and presently the African
Union is brokering negotiations to effect a reconciliation. In May 2006, Ahmed Abdallah Sambi was elected from the island of
Anjouan to be the president of the Union of Comoros. He is a well-respected Sunni cleric that studied in the Sudan, Iran and Saudi
Arabia. He is respectfully called "Ayatollah" by his supporters but is considered a moderate Islamist.
Source: Wikipedia: History of Comoros
| ECONOMIC OVERVIEW |
One of the world's poorest countries, Comoros is made up of three islands that have inadequate transportation links, a young and
rapidly increasing population, and few natural resources. The low educational level of the labor force contributes to a subsistence
level of economic activity, high unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and technical assistance. Agriculture,
including fishing, hunting, and forestry, contributes 40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides most of the exports.
Export income is heavily reliant on the three main crops of vanilla, cloves, and ylang-ylang and Comoros' export earnings are easily
disrupted by disasters such as fires. The country is not self-sufficient in food production; rice, the main staple, accounts for the bulk
of imports. The government - which is hampered by internal political disputes - lacks a comprehensive strategy to attract foreign
investment and is struggling to upgrade education and technical training, privatize commercial and industrial enterprises, improve
health services, diversify exports, promote tourism, and reduce the high population growth rate. Political problems have inhibited
growth, which has averaged only about 1% in 2006-09. Remittances from 150,000 Comorans abroad help supplement GDP. In
September 2009 the IMF approved a three-year $21 million loan for Comoros.
Source: CIA World Factbook (select Comoros)
rapidly increasing population, and few natural resources. The low educational level of the labor force contributes to a subsistence
level of economic activity, high unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and technical assistance. Agriculture,
including fishing, hunting, and forestry, contributes 40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides most of the exports.
Export income is heavily reliant on the three main crops of vanilla, cloves, and ylang-ylang and Comoros' export earnings are easily
disrupted by disasters such as fires. The country is not self-sufficient in food production; rice, the main staple, accounts for the bulk
of imports. The government - which is hampered by internal political disputes - lacks a comprehensive strategy to attract foreign
investment and is struggling to upgrade education and technical training, privatize commercial and industrial enterprises, improve
health services, diversify exports, promote tourism, and reduce the high population growth rate. Political problems have inhibited
growth, which has averaged only about 1% in 2006-09. Remittances from 150,000 Comorans abroad help supplement GDP. In
September 2009 the IMF approved a three-year $21 million loan for Comoros.
Source: CIA World Factbook (select Comoros)
| POLITICAL CLIMATE |
The new Union of the Comoros consists of three islands, Grande Comore, Anjouan and Mohéli. Each island has a president, who
shares the presidency of the Union on a rotating basis. The president and his vice-presidents are elected for a term of four years.
The constitution states that, "the islands enjoy financial autonomy, freely draw up and manage their budgets".
President Assoumani Azali of Grande Comore is the first Union president. President Mohamed Bacar of Anjouan formed his 13-
member government at the end of April, 2003.
A referendum took place on May 16, 2009 to decide whether to cut down the government's unwieldy political bureaucracy. 52.7%
of those eligible voted, and 93.8% of votes were cast in approval of the referendum. The referendum would cause each island's
president to become a governor and the ministers to become councilors.
On 26 December 2010, Ikililou DHOININE won the second round of presidential elections in the Comoros islands. DHOININE
captured 61 percent of the vote, compared to his main competitor, Mohamed Said FAZUL, who took 33 percent. FAZUL
promised demonstrations against the results, claiming there were instances of ballot box stuffing and intimidation. The government
has responded by placing a ban on rallies, which will be in effect until the Constitutional Court officially declares a winner on January
15. The presidency of the Comoros rotates every four years among the country’s three main islands. This cycle, the island of Moheli
elected three candidates who competed in the second round. The second round took place among the entire country. This will be
the first time a politician from Moheli will become president.
Source: Wikipedia: Politics of Comoros; International Foundation for Electoral Systems
shares the presidency of the Union on a rotating basis. The president and his vice-presidents are elected for a term of four years.
The constitution states that, "the islands enjoy financial autonomy, freely draw up and manage their budgets".
President Assoumani Azali of Grande Comore is the first Union president. President Mohamed Bacar of Anjouan formed his 13-
member government at the end of April, 2003.
A referendum took place on May 16, 2009 to decide whether to cut down the government's unwieldy political bureaucracy. 52.7%
of those eligible voted, and 93.8% of votes were cast in approval of the referendum. The referendum would cause each island's
president to become a governor and the ministers to become councilors.
On 26 December 2010, Ikililou DHOININE won the second round of presidential elections in the Comoros islands. DHOININE
captured 61 percent of the vote, compared to his main competitor, Mohamed Said FAZUL, who took 33 percent. FAZUL
promised demonstrations against the results, claiming there were instances of ballot box stuffing and intimidation. The government
has responded by placing a ban on rallies, which will be in effect until the Constitutional Court officially declares a winner on January
15. The presidency of the Comoros rotates every four years among the country’s three main islands. This cycle, the island of Moheli
elected three candidates who competed in the second round. The second round took place among the entire country. This will be
the first time a politician from Moheli will become president.
Source: Wikipedia: Politics of Comoros; International Foundation for Electoral Systems
| INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES |
Claims French-administered Mayotte and challenges France's and Madagascar's claims to Banc du Geyser, a drying reef in the
Mozambique Channel; in May 2008, African Union forces are called in to assist the Comoros military recapture Anjouan Island
from rebels who seized it in 2001
Mozambique Channel; in May 2008, African Union forces are called in to assist the Comoros military recapture Anjouan Island
from rebels who seized it in 2001
| REFUGEES AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS) |
None reported.
| ILLICIT DRUGS |
None reported.
| HUMAN RIGHTS STATEMENTS, ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUES |
2009 Human Rights Reports: Comoros
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
2009 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
March 11, 2010
The Union of the Comoros is a constitutional, multiparty republic of 748,000 citizens. The country consists of three islands--Grande
Comore, Anjouan, and Moheli--and claims a fourth, Mayotte, which France governs. In 2006 citizens elected Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed
Sambi as Union president in polling international observers described as generally free and fair. This was the first peaceful and
democratic transfer of power in the country's history. In March 2008 the Union Army of National Development, with African Union
support, launched a successful and bloodless military action resulting in the removal of former Anjouan president Mohamed Bacar, who
fled the country. Bacar had ruled Anjouan by force since declaring himself the winner of an illegal election in 2007. In June 2008 Moussa
Toybou was elected president of Anjouan in a generally free and fair process. Civilian authorities generally maintained effective control of
the security forces.
The Union government and the three island governments generally respected the human rights of their citizens, although there were some
areas of concern. Problems on all three islands included:
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
2009 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
March 11, 2010
The Union of the Comoros is a constitutional, multiparty republic of 748,000 citizens. The country consists of three islands--Grande
Comore, Anjouan, and Moheli--and claims a fourth, Mayotte, which France governs. In 2006 citizens elected Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed
Sambi as Union president in polling international observers described as generally free and fair. This was the first peaceful and
democratic transfer of power in the country's history. In March 2008 the Union Army of National Development, with African Union
support, launched a successful and bloodless military action resulting in the removal of former Anjouan president Mohamed Bacar, who
fled the country. Bacar had ruled Anjouan by force since declaring himself the winner of an illegal election in 2007. In June 2008 Moussa
Toybou was elected president of Anjouan in a generally free and fair process. Civilian authorities generally maintained effective control of
the security forces.
The Union government and the three island governments generally respected the human rights of their citizens, although there were some
areas of concern. Problems on all three islands included:
- poor prison conditions;
- restrictions on freedom of movement, press, and religion;
- official corruption;
- discrimination against women;
- child abuse;
- child labor.
4 June 2009
HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL
Twelfth session Agenda item 6
UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review*
Comoros
Introduction
1. The Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review, established in accordance with Human Rights Council resolution 5/1 of 18
June 2007, held its fifth session from 4 to 15 May 2009. The review of the Comoros was held at the 15th meeting on 13 May 2009. The
delegation of the Comoros was headed by H.E. Mohamed Jaffar Abbas, Secretary-General of the Ministry of the Civil Service,
Administrative and Institutional Reform and Human Rights. At its 17th meeting, on 15 May 2009, the Working Group adopted the
present report on the Comoros.
2. On 8 September 2008, the Human Rights Council selected the following group of rapporteurs (troika) to facilitate the review of the
Comoros: Ghana, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Mexico.
3. In accordance with paragraph 15 of the annex to resolution 5/1, the following documents were issued for the review of the Comoros:
(a) A compilation prepared by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in accordance with paragraph 15 (b)
(A/HRC/WG.6/5/COM/2);
(b) A summary prepared by OHCHR in accordance with paragraph 15 (c) (A/HRC/WG.6/5/COM/3).
4. A list of questions prepared in advance by the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Latvia, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was transmitted to the Comoros through the troika. These questions are available on the extranet of
the UPR.
II. CONCLUSIONS AND/OR RECOMMENDATIONS
65. The recommendations formulated during the interactive dialogue have been examined by the Comoros and the recommendations
listed below enjoy the support of the Comoros:
1. Accede to the main international human rights instruments, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) (Canada); give positive consideration to acceding to
ICESCR and ICCPR (Mexico); consider the ratification of ICESCR and the ICCPR, recalling paragraph 1 (a) of resolution 9/12 adopted
by the HRC (Brazil); ratify ICESCR and ICCPR (the Netherlands, Slovenia); Ratify the ICCPR (France);
2. Ratify the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (the Netherlands, Slovenia),
and other international instruments as soon as possible and as a priority (Slovenia);
3. Sign and ratify the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons against Enforced Disappearance (France);
4. Sign the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (France);
5. Integrate the different agreements and treaties to which it is party in its domestic legislation and become party to other international
instruments in the area of human rights (Chad);
6. Speed up the ratification process of the core international treaties which it has signed over recent years and to strengthen its human
rights institutional framework (Czech Republic);
7. Take measures in conformity with its legislative process for the ratification of the human rights instruments it has already signed
(Pakistan);
8. Continue efforts aimed at promoting and protecting human rights, especially in the economic and social domains (Egypt);
9. Continue to resist attempts to enforce any values or standards beyond the universally agreed ones (Egypt);
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HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL
Twelfth session Agenda item 6
UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review*
Comoros
Introduction
1. The Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review, established in accordance with Human Rights Council resolution 5/1 of 18
June 2007, held its fifth session from 4 to 15 May 2009. The review of the Comoros was held at the 15th meeting on 13 May 2009. The
delegation of the Comoros was headed by H.E. Mohamed Jaffar Abbas, Secretary-General of the Ministry of the Civil Service,
Administrative and Institutional Reform and Human Rights. At its 17th meeting, on 15 May 2009, the Working Group adopted the
present report on the Comoros.
2. On 8 September 2008, the Human Rights Council selected the following group of rapporteurs (troika) to facilitate the review of the
Comoros: Ghana, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Mexico.
3. In accordance with paragraph 15 of the annex to resolution 5/1, the following documents were issued for the review of the Comoros:
(a) A compilation prepared by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in accordance with paragraph 15 (b)
(A/HRC/WG.6/5/COM/2);
(b) A summary prepared by OHCHR in accordance with paragraph 15 (c) (A/HRC/WG.6/5/COM/3).
4. A list of questions prepared in advance by the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Latvia, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was transmitted to the Comoros through the troika. These questions are available on the extranet of
the UPR.
II. CONCLUSIONS AND/OR RECOMMENDATIONS
65. The recommendations formulated during the interactive dialogue have been examined by the Comoros and the recommendations
listed below enjoy the support of the Comoros:
1. Accede to the main international human rights instruments, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) (Canada); give positive consideration to acceding to
ICESCR and ICCPR (Mexico); consider the ratification of ICESCR and the ICCPR, recalling paragraph 1 (a) of resolution 9/12 adopted
by the HRC (Brazil); ratify ICESCR and ICCPR (the Netherlands, Slovenia); Ratify the ICCPR (France);
2. Ratify the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (the Netherlands, Slovenia),
and other international instruments as soon as possible and as a priority (Slovenia);
3. Sign and ratify the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons against Enforced Disappearance (France);
4. Sign the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (France);
5. Integrate the different agreements and treaties to which it is party in its domestic legislation and become party to other international
instruments in the area of human rights (Chad);
6. Speed up the ratification process of the core international treaties which it has signed over recent years and to strengthen its human
rights institutional framework (Czech Republic);
7. Take measures in conformity with its legislative process for the ratification of the human rights instruments it has already signed
(Pakistan);
8. Continue efforts aimed at promoting and protecting human rights, especially in the economic and social domains (Egypt);
9. Continue to resist attempts to enforce any values or standards beyond the universally agreed ones (Egypt);
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Freedom In The World 2010 Report
Political Rights Score: 3
Civil Liberties Score: 4
Status: Partly Free
Overview
Referendum voters in May approved a constitutional overhaul that strengthened the powers of the central government, in part by
extending the president’s term and reducing the authority of each island’s leader. In parliamentary elections held in December, President
Ahmed Abdallah Sambi’s supporters won 19 of the 24 directly elected seats in the 33-seat legislature.
Colonel Mohamed Bacar, president of Anjouan, refused to leave office at the end of his term in April 2007. He organized unauthorized
elections in June to extend his rule, and claimed to have won with 90 percent of the vote. However, in March 2008 an African Union
military force removed him from power, and three months later a supporter of President Sambi was elected in his place.
In May 2009, referendum voters approved constitutional reforms that increased the powers of the federal government at the expense of
the individual island governments, whose presidents would be downgraded to governors and left with reduced authority. Among other
changes, the reforms altered the composition of the federal parliament to included 24 directly elected seats and 9 seats elected by the
three island assemblies, compared with 18 directly elected and 15 indirectly elected seats under the old system. Legislative elections were
held under the new rules in December, and the president’s supporters—grouped under the Baobab coalition—won 19 of the 24 directly
elected seats, providing Sambi with sufficient support to enact a one-year extension of his term as called for in the constitutional reforms.
Large numbers of Comorans illegally emigrate to Mayotte, either to settle there or to seek entry into metropolitan France, and the
economy depends heavily on remittances and foreign aid. In 2009, the global economic downturn contributed to delays or suspensions
of public-sector salary payments and a continued decline in public services.
The Comoros is an electoral democracy. Since 1996 Comorans have voted freely in several parliamentary and presidential elections.
Under the 2001 constitution, the federal presidency rotates among the islands every four years, but a constitutional referendum in May
2009 extended the presidential term to five years. The reform also downgraded individual island presidents to the status of governors,
limited the size of cabinets, empowered the president to dissolve the federal parliament, and allowed the president to rule by decree with
the parliament’s approval.
Click here to read more »
Political Rights Score: 3
Civil Liberties Score: 4
Status: Partly Free
Overview
Referendum voters in May approved a constitutional overhaul that strengthened the powers of the central government, in part by
extending the president’s term and reducing the authority of each island’s leader. In parliamentary elections held in December, President
Ahmed Abdallah Sambi’s supporters won 19 of the 24 directly elected seats in the 33-seat legislature.
Colonel Mohamed Bacar, president of Anjouan, refused to leave office at the end of his term in April 2007. He organized unauthorized
elections in June to extend his rule, and claimed to have won with 90 percent of the vote. However, in March 2008 an African Union
military force removed him from power, and three months later a supporter of President Sambi was elected in his place.
In May 2009, referendum voters approved constitutional reforms that increased the powers of the federal government at the expense of
the individual island governments, whose presidents would be downgraded to governors and left with reduced authority. Among other
changes, the reforms altered the composition of the federal parliament to included 24 directly elected seats and 9 seats elected by the
three island assemblies, compared with 18 directly elected and 15 indirectly elected seats under the old system. Legislative elections were
held under the new rules in December, and the president’s supporters—grouped under the Baobab coalition—won 19 of the 24 directly
elected seats, providing Sambi with sufficient support to enact a one-year extension of his term as called for in the constitutional reforms.
Large numbers of Comorans illegally emigrate to Mayotte, either to settle there or to seek entry into metropolitan France, and the
economy depends heavily on remittances and foreign aid. In 2009, the global economic downturn contributed to delays or suspensions
of public-sector salary payments and a continued decline in public services.
The Comoros is an electoral democracy. Since 1996 Comorans have voted freely in several parliamentary and presidential elections.
Under the 2001 constitution, the federal presidency rotates among the islands every four years, but a constitutional referendum in May
2009 extended the presidential term to five years. The reform also downgraded individual island presidents to the status of governors,
limited the size of cabinets, empowered the president to dissolve the federal parliament, and allowed the president to rule by decree with
the parliament’s approval.
Click here to read more »
Document - Suggested recommendations to states included in the fifth round of Universal Periodic Review - May 2009
Suggested recommendations to states included in the fifth round of Universal Periodic Review1
May 2009
Recommendations to the government of Comoros
International Criminal Court
*To accede to the Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court and implement it in national law.
Click here to read more »
Suggested recommendations to states included in the fifth round of Universal Periodic Review1
May 2009
Recommendations to the government of Comoros
International Criminal Court
*To accede to the Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court and implement it in national law.
Click here to read more »
Shell-Shocked
August 12, 2007
The Rise of the Islamic Courts in 2006
In June 2006 the Somali political scene was shaken by the emergence of an alliance of sharia (Islamic law) courts, the Islamic Courts
Union (ICU). The ICU, with Sheikh Hassan Dahir Aweys among its leaders, drove the warlords from Mogadishu.
Although the appearance of the Islamic Courts as a potent political movement was a surprise to many observers, the courts had
longstanding roots in Mogadishu. In December 2004, just two months after the formation of the TFG, a group of clan-based courts that
had been operating in Mogadishu for years joined to launch the ICU. Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, a schoolteacher from Mogadishu,
was appointed chair of the alliance. By 2005 there were 11 Islamic Courts from different clans operating in Mogadishu under sharia.
The increasing influence of the Islamic Courts came against the backdrop of growing US concern over the presence of alleged terrorism
suspects in Somalia. The US had claimed for several years that several individuals linked to al Qaeda and the 1998 bombing of the US
embassies in Kenya and Tanzania were being sheltered by radical Islamists in Mogadishu. The US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
initially tried to capture the individuals by paying warlords in Mogadishu to abduct the men and transfer them to CIA custody. Three of
the individuals most wanted by the US were Fazul Abdullah Mohamed, a national of the Comoros Islands, Abu Talha al-Sudani, a
Sudanese national, and Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan, a Kenyan.
Click here to read more »
August 12, 2007
The Rise of the Islamic Courts in 2006
In June 2006 the Somali political scene was shaken by the emergence of an alliance of sharia (Islamic law) courts, the Islamic Courts
Union (ICU). The ICU, with Sheikh Hassan Dahir Aweys among its leaders, drove the warlords from Mogadishu.
Although the appearance of the Islamic Courts as a potent political movement was a surprise to many observers, the courts had
longstanding roots in Mogadishu. In December 2004, just two months after the formation of the TFG, a group of clan-based courts that
had been operating in Mogadishu for years joined to launch the ICU. Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, a schoolteacher from Mogadishu,
was appointed chair of the alliance. By 2005 there were 11 Islamic Courts from different clans operating in Mogadishu under sharia.
The increasing influence of the Islamic Courts came against the backdrop of growing US concern over the presence of alleged terrorism
suspects in Somalia. The US had claimed for several years that several individuals linked to al Qaeda and the 1998 bombing of the US
embassies in Kenya and Tanzania were being sheltered by radical Islamists in Mogadishu. The US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
initially tried to capture the individuals by paying warlords in Mogadishu to abduct the men and transfer them to CIA custody. Three of
the individuals most wanted by the US were Fazul Abdullah Mohamed, a national of the Comoros Islands, Abu Talha al-Sudani, a
Sudanese national, and Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan, a Kenyan.
Click here to read more »
TRANSLATED FROM FRENCH BY GOOGLE TRANSLATE
ADDRESS
S. E. Mr. Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, President of the Union of Comoros
before the general meeting of the United Nations
New York. Ie September 24 October 2010
Mr. President,
Hon assistance
We are surprised that despite all the goodwill of the party, particularly on the innovative proposal to wit Mayotte <one-country, two
systems> that I personally presented at the previous session in this August Assembly the France negotiators gives positive response to
this outstretched hand. However, this would be a double compromise system warranty that, finally, respect for the law internationally,
while Pennetta France to continue to administer Comorian Island Mayotte, legitimately, for a period that would be determined by mutual
agreement. It would then anos seeurs brothers and Mayotte to preserve their social and their living standards. Finally, the three other
islands to meet in peace and stability, the many challenges posed by development.
However, France wants to ignore this compromise, and face this attitude, we find in an obligation to solicit our dear Organization of
France it respects and confused with international law, applying the different resolutions relevant United Nations on the Comorian island
of Mayotte and reconsider its position with respect to which this outstretched hand. This constitutes, obviously a huge sacrifice for my
country, which is within his rights.
There goes the future of the Comoros, this small sovereign country, member of our United Nations.
There will also. The honor of France, this great country whose ideals of freedom, of equality and fraternity are strongly and deeply
inspired the Universal Declaration of human rights and the principles that underlie our Charter. There is, finally, the honor of our
Organization, which, if the sovereignty of that law and international legality had to be constantly ignored and territorial integrity.
Comoros continually flouted all its credibility would be questioned.
Indeed, the UN being the guarantor of respect for international law, it in return requires its members that their legislation is conferment,
imperative, with resolutions relevant.
I can not conclude my remarks without binding Comoros reiterate the efforts of the communities became intemational, and more
particularly the personal efforts of His Excellency President Barack Hussein Obama, was aimed at establishing a Middle East just and
lasting peace, which would enable the Palestinian people to live freely and in safety, an independent state in full possession of all its
legitimate rights,
Click here to read more »
ADDRESS
S. E. Mr. Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, President of the Union of Comoros
before the general meeting of the United Nations
New York. Ie September 24 October 2010
Mr. President,
Hon assistance
We are surprised that despite all the goodwill of the party, particularly on the innovative proposal to wit Mayotte <one-country, two
systems> that I personally presented at the previous session in this August Assembly the France negotiators gives positive response to
this outstretched hand. However, this would be a double compromise system warranty that, finally, respect for the law internationally,
while Pennetta France to continue to administer Comorian Island Mayotte, legitimately, for a period that would be determined by mutual
agreement. It would then anos seeurs brothers and Mayotte to preserve their social and their living standards. Finally, the three other
islands to meet in peace and stability, the many challenges posed by development.
However, France wants to ignore this compromise, and face this attitude, we find in an obligation to solicit our dear Organization of
France it respects and confused with international law, applying the different resolutions relevant United Nations on the Comorian island
of Mayotte and reconsider its position with respect to which this outstretched hand. This constitutes, obviously a huge sacrifice for my
country, which is within his rights.
There goes the future of the Comoros, this small sovereign country, member of our United Nations.
There will also. The honor of France, this great country whose ideals of freedom, of equality and fraternity are strongly and deeply
inspired the Universal Declaration of human rights and the principles that underlie our Charter. There is, finally, the honor of our
Organization, which, if the sovereignty of that law and international legality had to be constantly ignored and territorial integrity.
Comoros continually flouted all its credibility would be questioned.
Indeed, the UN being the guarantor of respect for international law, it in return requires its members that their legislation is conferment,
imperative, with resolutions relevant.
I can not conclude my remarks without binding Comoros reiterate the efforts of the communities became intemational, and more
particularly the personal efforts of His Excellency President Barack Hussein Obama, was aimed at establishing a Middle East just and
lasting peace, which would enable the Palestinian people to live freely and in safety, an independent state in full possession of all its
legitimate rights,
Click here to read more »
TRANSLATED FROM FRENCH BY GOOGLE TRANSLATE
The FCDH reclaim transparency with elections
20 December 2010
Celebration of World Day of Human Rights: The FCDH claims of "transparency" in elections Comoros celebrated the World Day of
Human Rights on Thursday. A celebration under the theme: "Defenders of Human Rights who campaign to end discrimination."
Originally scheduled for December 10, the ceremony end
The ceremony began two hours late. The assistance should wait for the minister who arrived at 10 pm in a celebration scheduled to
begin at 8am. The Nation Human Right stated that "the exercise of the right and liberty of a person shall be subject to limitations
established by law, in order to secure recognition of rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the requirements of morality, public
order and general welfare in a democratic society, "says Salim Mohamed, Treasurer General of the Comorian Foundation of Human
Rights (FCDH). The first speaker after reading a few verses of the Koran says that "Human rights are rights inherent to every human
being."
In a campaign period and on the eve of elections coupled Union President and the governors of islands, FCDH take this "opportunity" to
launch a solemn appeal to the international community and the government to " ensure the holding of free, transparent and democratic,
"he seeks. Meanwhile, the movement questions the presiding non-governmental Sambi to ratify the law on the safety of defendants of
human rights and also the promulgation and implementation of the National Commission on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
(CNDHL).
The Secretary General of the United Nations defines human rights as "the very foundation of freedom, peace, development and justice"
in a message read by Umesh Palwankal, Advisor for Crisis Prevention and recovery. "Every time a militant human right to risk his life,
we are all in danger every time the voice of a defender of human rights is hushed, it is justice that we gag, "believes the United Nations
Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon.
Click here to read more »
The FCDH reclaim transparency with elections
20 December 2010
Celebration of World Day of Human Rights: The FCDH claims of "transparency" in elections Comoros celebrated the World Day of
Human Rights on Thursday. A celebration under the theme: "Defenders of Human Rights who campaign to end discrimination."
Originally scheduled for December 10, the ceremony end
The ceremony began two hours late. The assistance should wait for the minister who arrived at 10 pm in a celebration scheduled to
begin at 8am. The Nation Human Right stated that "the exercise of the right and liberty of a person shall be subject to limitations
established by law, in order to secure recognition of rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the requirements of morality, public
order and general welfare in a democratic society, "says Salim Mohamed, Treasurer General of the Comorian Foundation of Human
Rights (FCDH). The first speaker after reading a few verses of the Koran says that "Human rights are rights inherent to every human
being."
In a campaign period and on the eve of elections coupled Union President and the governors of islands, FCDH take this "opportunity" to
launch a solemn appeal to the international community and the government to " ensure the holding of free, transparent and democratic,
"he seeks. Meanwhile, the movement questions the presiding non-governmental Sambi to ratify the law on the safety of defendants of
human rights and also the promulgation and implementation of the National Commission on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
(CNDHL).
The Secretary General of the United Nations defines human rights as "the very foundation of freedom, peace, development and justice"
in a message read by Umesh Palwankal, Advisor for Crisis Prevention and recovery. "Every time a militant human right to risk his life,
we are all in danger every time the voice of a defender of human rights is hushed, it is justice that we gag, "believes the United Nations
Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon.
Click here to read more »
TRANSLATED FROM FRENCH BY GOOGLE TRANSLATE
16.10.2010
COMOROS: STOP THE CAMPAIGN FOR DIVERSION restore the prestige of FRANCE HAS MAYOTTE
In light of the opening of the campaign, we see that for once, the question of the Comorian island of Mayotte in the Comoros hits the
headlines. But unfortunately not the best way. Indeed, in the liberated part of the Comoros, the diversion machine running at full speed,
to consolidate the policy of occupation by France of the Comorian island of Mayotte. This comes at the expense of legalistic argument in
favor of the integrity and sovereignty of the Comoros, supported and defended by the community and international bodies, in accordance
with UN resolution No. 34 / 4 21 October 1975, which "strongly condemns [...] the French presence in Mayotte, which is a violation of
national unity, territorial integrity and sovereignty of the independent Republic of the Comoros".
All this comes at a time when French security policy-induced muscular evictions of Roma, driven by the fear of the figure, is driven to
harm the eyes of the world in the image and the values of tolerance and Country hospitality of Human Rights. In response, some of our
countrymen but not least, never take that cover, in scarcely veiled terms, abuses, excesses and other iniquities perpetrated in Mayotte,
French by their detractors to 10 000 km France, away from any media frenzy. Also, the French administration did the freedom to
trample on democratic freedoms in Mayotte, flouted the resolutions of international bodies and with impunity to engage in acts described
by section 7 of the Rome Statute of the ICC ( International Criminal Court), "crime against humanity, deportation or forcible transfer of
population".
In response to this campaign of distraction and especially:
- Outrageous and reprehensible statements of Mzimba, advocating the rejection of
Arbitration by the UN, this Franco-Comorian on Mayotte;
- Agreements or military defense incongruous, signed by Fahmi and Morin;
- Touring decorated with poisoned gifts, the so-called Group of Friendship between France and Comoros;
- The real solution to the false thesis "a State two administrations" advocated by Sambi and Idriss ...
I propose below, a memorandum signed last November by several civil society associations.
For associations signing this document, the concept of "one country, two systems" is equivalent to the coup, a cautery on a wooden leg:
- A State? There are none. We have in fact an ersatz state that survives by begging, without a parliament, a court orders a constitution
like the leader, plagued by corruption in all directions ...
- The 2 systems recommended in Mayotte, apart from the fact that they can be detrimental to the sovereignty, integrity, independence
and stability of the Comoros, we must recognize that they have always been timely and effective implementation, under Sambi, the point
of it in a single system. The system Sambi has always pledged allegiance to the French policy in Mayotte.
And that is why, alongside the true friends of the Comoros,
- The GAC (Comorians Artists Guild)
guilde_des_artistes_comoriens_gac@hotmail.com
- The ACDH (Comorian Association of Human Rights)
acdh-France@wanadoo.fr
...are constantly fighting to maintain the laziness of the sovereignty, unity and integrity of the Comoros, lit a November 12, 1975, by the
Community and international organizations and national authorities in the wake of the unilateral proclamation of independence of Comoros
Click here to read more>>
16.10.2010
COMOROS: STOP THE CAMPAIGN FOR DIVERSION restore the prestige of FRANCE HAS MAYOTTE
In light of the opening of the campaign, we see that for once, the question of the Comorian island of Mayotte in the Comoros hits the
headlines. But unfortunately not the best way. Indeed, in the liberated part of the Comoros, the diversion machine running at full speed,
to consolidate the policy of occupation by France of the Comorian island of Mayotte. This comes at the expense of legalistic argument in
favor of the integrity and sovereignty of the Comoros, supported and defended by the community and international bodies, in accordance
with UN resolution No. 34 / 4 21 October 1975, which "strongly condemns [...] the French presence in Mayotte, which is a violation of
national unity, territorial integrity and sovereignty of the independent Republic of the Comoros".
All this comes at a time when French security policy-induced muscular evictions of Roma, driven by the fear of the figure, is driven to
harm the eyes of the world in the image and the values of tolerance and Country hospitality of Human Rights. In response, some of our
countrymen but not least, never take that cover, in scarcely veiled terms, abuses, excesses and other iniquities perpetrated in Mayotte,
French by their detractors to 10 000 km France, away from any media frenzy. Also, the French administration did the freedom to
trample on democratic freedoms in Mayotte, flouted the resolutions of international bodies and with impunity to engage in acts described
by section 7 of the Rome Statute of the ICC ( International Criminal Court), "crime against humanity, deportation or forcible transfer of
population".
In response to this campaign of distraction and especially:
- Outrageous and reprehensible statements of Mzimba, advocating the rejection of
Arbitration by the UN, this Franco-Comorian on Mayotte;
- Agreements or military defense incongruous, signed by Fahmi and Morin;
- Touring decorated with poisoned gifts, the so-called Group of Friendship between France and Comoros;
- The real solution to the false thesis "a State two administrations" advocated by Sambi and Idriss ...
I propose below, a memorandum signed last November by several civil society associations.
For associations signing this document, the concept of "one country, two systems" is equivalent to the coup, a cautery on a wooden leg:
- A State? There are none. We have in fact an ersatz state that survives by begging, without a parliament, a court orders a constitution
like the leader, plagued by corruption in all directions ...
- The 2 systems recommended in Mayotte, apart from the fact that they can be detrimental to the sovereignty, integrity, independence
and stability of the Comoros, we must recognize that they have always been timely and effective implementation, under Sambi, the point
of it in a single system. The system Sambi has always pledged allegiance to the French policy in Mayotte.
And that is why, alongside the true friends of the Comoros,
- The GAC (Comorians Artists Guild)
guilde_des_artistes_comoriens_gac@hotmail.com
- The ACDH (Comorian Association of Human Rights)
acdh-France@wanadoo.fr
...are constantly fighting to maintain the laziness of the sovereignty, unity and integrity of the Comoros, lit a November 12, 1975, by the
Community and international organizations and national authorities in the wake of the unilateral proclamation of independence of Comoros
Click here to read more>>
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Ikililou Dhonine
President since 26 December 2010
President since 26 December 2010
| TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS |
None reported.
Ikililou Dhonine
President since 26 December 2010
President since 26 December 2010
Mohamed Ali Soilihi
Vice President since 26 December 2010
Vice President since 26 December 2010
