GUADELOUPE Overseas Department of Guadeloupe Pays d'outre-mer de Guadeloupe (overseas department of France) Joined United Nations: 24 October 1945 Human Rights as assured by their constitution Click here Updated 12/06/10
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Basse-Terre
452,776 (July 2006 est.)
Nicholas Sarkozy
President of France since 18 May 2007
French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
Prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the
French Ministry of Interior. Election last held 18 May 2007
Next scheduled election: first round April 2012, second round
May 2012
HEAD OF GOVERNMENT
SELECTION PROCESS
Jacques Gillot
President of the General Council
Since 26 March 2001
President of the General Council and the President of the
Regional Council are elected by the members of the Territorial
Assembly for five-year terms (no term limits)
DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
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Black / Mulatto 71%, White 9%, from Tamil Nadu and other parts of India / Indian 15%, Lebanese / Syrians 2%
Roman Catholic 86%, Protestant 5%, Hindu / African 4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2%
Overseas Region of France with 2 Arrondissements, 40 Cantons and 32 Communes . Legal system is based on French
civil law system with indigenous concepts; review of administrative but not legislative acts
Executive: - president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (changed from seven-year term in October 2000);
election last held 22 April and 6 May 2007 (next to be held spring 2012); represented by prefect, President of the
Regional Council and the President of the General Council are elected by the members of the Territorial Assembly for
five-year terms (no term limits)
Legislative: Unicameral General Council (Conseil général; 42 seats) and Unicameral Regional Council (Conseil régional;
41 seats); Elections: General Council: last held March 2004, next due 2010; Regional Council last held 28 March 2008,
next due March 2012
Judicial: Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel) in Basse-Terre; Assize Court (Cour d'assises) in Basse-Terre to try felonies,
consisting of three judges and a popular jury; Several first instance courts of varying competence levels, in Basse-Terre,
Pointe-à-Pitre, Saint-Martin and Grand-Bourg
French (official) 99%, Most locals also speak Creole language
The earliest settlers on Guadeloupe arrived around 300 BC and developed agriculture on the island. They were
removed by the more warlike Caribs. It was the Caribs who called the island "Karukera," which is roughly translated as
"island with beautiful waters." They were also the tribe to meet all of the later settlers to the island. Columbus' second
journey brought him to this island on November 14, 1493. He named it for an image in a Spanish monastery he had
visited: Santa María de Guadalupe de Extremadura, an image of the Virgin Mary venerated at Villuercas, in Guadalupe,
Extremadura. No settlements were established on the island for many years but it was used as a trading post. However,
in 1635 the French Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique sent explorers to take control of the island. They succeeded, but
nearly wiped out the Caribs in doing so. It was not annexed to the Kingdom of France until 1674. After successful
settlement on the island of St Christophe (St Kitts), the French American Islands Company delegated Charles Lienard
and Jean Duplessis, Lord of Ossonville to colonize one or any of the region’s islands, Guadeloupe, Martinique or
Dominica. Due to Martinique’s inhospitable nature, the duo resolved to settle in Guadeloupe. The French took
possession of the island in 1635 and wiped out many of the Carib amerindians. It was annexed to the kingdom of
France in 1674. Over the next century, the island was seized several times by the British. One indication of
Guadeloupe's prosperity at this time is that in the Treaty of Paris (1763), France, defeated in war, agreed to abandon
its territorial claims in Canada in return for British recognition of French control of Guadeloupe. In 1790, the upper
classes of Guadeloupe refused to obey the new laws of equal rights for the free colored and attempted to declare
independence, resulting in great disturbances; a fire broke out in Pointe-à-Pitre and devastated a third of the town, and
a struggle between the monarchists (who wanted independence) and the republicans (who were faithful to revolutionary
France) ended in the victory of the monarchists, who declared independence in 1791, followed by the refusal to receive
the new governor appointed by Paris in 1792. In 1793, a slave rebellion started, which made the upper classes turn to
the British and ask them to occupy the island. In an effort to take advantage of the chaos ensuing from the French
Revolution, Britain attempted to seize Guadeloupe in 1794 and held it from April 21 to June 2. The French retook the
island under the command of Victor Hugues, who succeeded in freeing the slaves. They revolted and turned on the
slave-owners who controlled the sugar plantations, but when American interests were threatened, Napoleon sent a
force to suppress the rebels and reinstitute slavery. Louis Delgrès and a group of revolutionary soldiers killed
themselves on the slopes of the Matouba volcano when it became obvious that the invading troops would take control
of the island. The occupation force killed approximately 10,000 Guadeloupeans in the process of restoring order to the
island. On February 4, 1810 the British once again seized the island. By the Anglo-Swedish alliance of March 3, 1813,
it was ceded to Sweden but the British administration continued in place while Swedish commissioners were sent to
make arrangements for the transfer. Sweden already had a colony in the area, but then by the Treaty of Paris of May
30, 1814, ceded Guadeloupe once more to France . An ensuing settlement between Sweden and the British gave rise
to the Guadeloupe Fund. French control of Guadeloupe was finally acknowledged in the Treaty of Vienna in 1815.
Slavery was abolished on the island in 1848 at the initiative of Victor Schoelcher. Today the population of Guadeloupe
is mostly of African origin with an important European and Indian active population. Lebanese, Chinese, and people of
many other origins are also present. On February 22, 2007 the island communes of Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthélemy
were officially detached from Guadeloupe and became two separate French overseas collectivities with their own local
administration, henceforth separated from Guadeloupe. Their combined population was 35,930 and their combined
land area was 74.2 km² at the 1999 census. Guadeloupe thereby lost 8.5 percent of its population and 4.36 percent of
its land area, based upon numbers from that census.
Sources: Wikipedia: History of Guadeloupe
Guadeloupe sends four deputies to the French National Assembly and three senators to the French Senate. One of the
four National Assembly constituencies still includes Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthélemy even though they have seceded
from Guadeloupe in 2007. This situation should last until 2012 when Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthélemy will send their
own deputies to the French National Assembly.
Source: Wikipedia: Politics of Guadeloupe
In 2006 the GDP per capita of Guadeloupe at real exchange rates, not at PPP, was €17,338 (US$21,780). The
economy of Guadeloupe depends on tourism, agriculture, light industry and services. But it especially depends on
France for large subsidies and imports. Tourism is a key industry, with 83.3% of tourists visiting from metropolitan
France, 10.8% coming from the rest of Europe, 3.4% coming from the United States, 1.5% coming from Canada,
0.4% coming from South America and 0.6% coming from the rest of the world.[7] An increasingly large number of
cruise ships visit the islands. The traditional sugarcane crop is slowly being replaced by other crops, such as bananas
(which now supply about 50% of export earnings), eggplant, guinnep, noni, sapotilla, paroka, pikinga, giraumon
squash, yam, gourd, plantain, christophine, monbin, prunecafé, cocoa, jackfruit, pomegranate, and many varieties of
flowers. Other vegetables and root crops are cultivated for local consumption, although Guadeloupe is still dependent
on imported food, mainly from France. Light industry features sugar and rum, solar energy, and many industrial
productions. Most manufactured goods and fuel are imported. Unemployment is especially high among the youth.
Hurricanes periodically devastate the economy.
None reported.
REFUGEES AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDP)
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None reported.
None reported.
HUMAN RIGHTS STATEMENTS, ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUES
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2009 Human Rights Report: France (including Martinique and other Overseas Territories)
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
2009 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
March 11, 2010
Elections and Political Participation
The law prohibits the government from collecting information on the racial or ethnic background of residents of the country. As a
consequence, no statistics on minority participation in the government were available. With the exception of parliamentary
representatives from some of the overseas territories where the populations were predominantly of non-European origin, minorities
appeared to be significantly underrepresented in the government. As of year's end, there was only one black member of the National
Assembly. During his tenure, President Sarkozy has appointed three female minority officials to his cabinet.
The country includes 11 overseas administrative divisions covered in this report. Four overseas territories in French Guiana,
Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Reunion, have the same political status as the 22 metropolitan regions and 100 departments on the
mainland. Six divisions are overseas "collectivities": French Polynesia, Mayotte, Saint-Barthelemy, Saint-Martin, Saint-Pierre and
Miquelon, and Wallis and Futuna. New Caledonia is a special overseas collectivity with a unique status between an independent
country and an overseas department and will hold a referendum on independence in 2014. Following a March 29 referendum, Mayotte
will become the 101st department in 2011. Citizens of these territories periodically elect deputies and senators to represent them in
parliament, like the other overseas regions and departments.
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Committee against Torture
44th
Considering the periodic report of France
27-28 April 2010
Overseas: in addition human
Alternative Report of the collective Overseas Migrants
April 15, 2010
Introduction
Presentation of the collective Overseas Migrants
The collective Migrants Overseas, established in 2006, is an informal network of thirteen national associations whose skills are
complementary. Its goal is to decipher the realities ultramarine on migrants and enforce their rights even on the French lands scattered.
The specificities of the right of foreigners overseas are mainly four parcels of land French: Mayotte, French Guiana, Guadeloupe,
Saint- Martin.
Purpose of the collective contribution of Overseas Migrants
The group wants to attract the attention of your Committee on the situation particularly worrying both the material conditions of
administrative detention centers than on the rights of migrants for two main departments overseas, the Guyana and Guadeloupe and a
community overseas, Mayotte. On these plots of France, foreigners threatened action removal are denied legal protections provided
for in other French departments. In addition, administrative practices deliberately ignore the texts.
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FREEDOM IN THE WORLD 2010 REPORT FRANCE(Including Guadeloupe)
Political Rights Score: 1
Civil Liberties Score: 1
Status: Free
Overview
Several commissions reviewed a range of issues in France in 2009, including those related to the judiciary, measuring the country's
ethnic composition, the French administrative system, and the wearing of burqas. Meanwhile, a month-long general strike in
Guadeloupe and Martinique led to a governmental increase in payments to low-wage workers.
In early 2009, major protests broke out in Guadeloupe and Martinique, two French overseas departments equal in status to those in
mainland France. A month-long general strike began over the cost of living but also reflected tensions between the black majority
and the ruling whites. French riot police were sent in and ultimately reached a deal whereby the government agreed to increase
payments to low-wage workers.
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Summit of the Americas fails to address human rights
20 April 2009
The fifth Summit of the Americas has failed to recognize that human rights must be placed at the centre of efforts to confront the
many fundamental challenges facing the region.
Governments from every country in the Americas, except for Cuba, took part in the four-yearly meeting held in Port of Spain,
Trinidad and Tobago, between 17 and 19 April.
The 34 heads of state and government discussed the Summit's three principal themes: human prosperity, energy security and
environmental sustainability.
The Declaration of Commitment of Port of Spain was adopted by consensus at the close of the Summit on 19 April. Based on the
three themes, the Declaration fails to lay out a clear human rights framework for progress in these areas.
A number of governments, including Venezuela, Bolivia, Nicaragua and Honduras, indicated that they were not prepared to formally
sign the Declaration. Leaders agreed to instead adopt it by consensus and have Trinidadian Prime Minister Manning sign on behalf of
all leaders.
The governments that had registered objections did not feel that the Declaration deals adequately with the current global economic
crisis. They also wanted to see strong references to the issue of Cuba's reintegration into Organization of American States (OAS) and
the lifting of the US embargo against Cuba.
Amnesty International delegates at the Summit urged the governments of the region to make a firm commitment to ensuring that all
measures taken in response to the current global economic crisis fully conform to their human rights obligations. But the recognition
in the Declaration of the responsibility governments have to address the crisis does not acknowledge human rights at all.
"At a time of global economic turmoil and with a new spirit of compromise in the air between the government of US President
Barrack Obama and other governments in the Americas this Summit offered an unparalleled opportunity to lay out a strong human
rights vision for the Americas," said Alex Neve, Secretary General of Amnesty International Canada, who was part of the Amnesty
International delegation at the Summit. "Instead, human rights have once again been pushed to the back."
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No reports from Human Rights Watch mentioning Guadeloupe after exhaustive search of their data base. Please forward
any information you may have regarding Human Rights Watch efforts on behalf of Guadeloupe to the Pax Gaea World
Report editor at the link below.
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VICTORIN LUREL TO THE ELECTED (DECLARATION OF POLICY)
07/09/10
In 2010, we are definitely in the continuity of values that have driven since 2004 - the humanism, justice, equality, solidarity,
secularism, voluntarism, the rigor and exemplary.
However, the issues of this second term command us to make a fresh start and adjust our course to the particular context in
which we live today.
Victory March, which we probably will never thanked enough voters, was indeed an expression of great hopes. Hopes that,
beyond all other considerations, force us.
Hope, in particular, that Guadeloupe is not doomed to fatalities absurd that constrain their talents, enthusiasms and its successes.
Fate of mass unemployment; inevitability of violence against persons, especially women, and property; inevitability of exclusion,
especially for some of our youth, the inevitability of increasing inequality; inevitable antagonism between different components of
our society so rich and diverse, fatality, in short, of failure.
This government is weak before the strong and strong with the weak, rich with soft and hard with the poor, has, moreover,
made the choice to pay a higher bid security that can only hurt my identity deep Republican of humanist and ultramarine. The
proposal to strengthen the case for revocation of citizenship, thus creating two classes of citizens and stateless persons,
stigmatization of Roma unacceptable, there is the mistakes that we can not remain indifferent, we are so sensitive to
discrimination. Even Benedict XVI has touched it!
All this creates an atmosphere that takes us away from the Republic multicultural and mixed that France can and must embody in
the world, thanks to contributions from across the seas. I think obviously we have to fight against insecurity, both by efficient
prevention by a fair punishment. The right to security is a human right. But I think the government would be better advised to do
so, for example, to stop the declining numbers of police, including Guadeloupe, to give the facilities as demanded by law
enforcement to properly fulfill their missions and, why not agree to revive neighborhoods in a city police of proximity.
Finally, it remains to discuss a final political decision of this government, which will weigh heavily on our action, because it
forces us to really think, and without delay, to an evolution of our institutions: the ongoing reform of local authorities.
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The government has chosen an organization known for defending the rights of foreigners held in overseas
April 15 2009
The government has chosen an organization known for defending the rights of foreigners held in overseas
Communiqué Collective Migrants Overseas (MOM): "Collective compliance" in violation of foreign law in Overseas
The association will be empowered, from 2 June, to assist foreigners in administrative detention centers (ARC) on the lot of
overseas (CRA Guiana, Guadeloupe and Reunion) [1] is an unknown in this sector.
The collective "respect" to be empowered from 2 June, to assist foreigners in the FRCs of Guyana and Guadeloupe is an
unknown in the field of foreign law in both metropolitan Outremer. Reportedly, the collective "respect" was born in 2002 "after
the whistle against the Marseillaise at the Stade de France" at the France-Algeria match in October 2001. Until last summer, he
had only intended to "promote respect for legitimate authority, and in particular institutions and the President of the Republic."
And that's all.
Is it a coincidence? On August 28, 2008, six days after the publication of a decree providing for the distribution of CRA in
several associations and the day of publication of the first tender, the Collective respect to the prefecture said a change in its
statutes: its purpose became "inform foreign help them exercise their rights as well as defense and any promotion of the concept
of respect in all its forms" [2]. The office of Immigration Minister said since October "not knowing" the collective. That did not
stop him from declaring "take seriously the nomination" if his plan proved "constructive and credible." The only known links
with the collective right of foreigners converged yet to the Department: Frederic Bard, founder and coordinator until January
2008, is responsible for mission within it (information confirmed by the Ministry to various media) and the represented in at least
two international meetings in 2008. Moreover, according to a document for fiscal year 2008, the group received in 2006 a grant
of 28 700 euros under the program welcoming foreigners and integration, program notes that since 2007 the Department of
Immigration.
One can only wonder that the application of this collective phantom has been used so it has no known action intended for foreign
assets nor, apparently, no legal expertise in the area. Especially since, October 30, 2008, the judge of the Paris Administrative
Court annulled the first tender precisely because the department could not, "having regard to the contract, the grant criterion of
legal qualification of prospective providers that weight less than 15% by not setting, moreover, no minimum level for legal
knowledge required. This decision falls within the national context of the offensive against the rights of foreigners in detention
denounced by our associations.
Worse, the group won the prize overseas - even where the rights of aliens is the most difficult to master and less protective.
Hence the collective "respect" pulls "he legitimacy and competence to qualify assisting foreigners covered by a renewed since the
ultramarine departments? There is concern that, in fact, it serves as a screen to the policy targets industrially developed overseas,
providing assistance to a simple removal of aliens rather than defending their rights.
Thus in 2007 the number of aliens removed from overseas rose from only departments of Guiana and Guadeloupe to 10 857 and
from 13 990 to Mayotte, a total of 25 210 against 23 831 in metropolitan France [3 ]. Such performance is explained by an
exceptional law that allows police to question the borders and deport foreigners in an expeditious manner. This means that the
collective respect, despite his inexperience shows in this area will have more cases of expulsion process in Guyana and
Guadeloupe each of the five other associations authorized to intervene in metropolitan France ... and to have more than the total
These five associations, if ever widened its intervention in Mayotte.
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In solidarity with the labor movement and UGTG Guadeloupe
Trade Union Solidarity
December 3, 2010
French justice continues to plague the labor movement Guadeloupe, including comrades UGTG. The French state stepped up
attacks against those who fight for the rights of the people of Guadeloupe.
Clearly, the State and employers do not support organizations that continue the fight to enforce the agreements of February 26 and
March 4, 2009.
The former secretary general of the UGTG Raymond Gautheriot, was sentenced in January to three months in prison and fines.
Officials from the UGTG are summoned to the police and prosecuted for refusal to submit to DNA sampling. UGTG a steward is
sentenced to one month suspended prison sentence and more than 10 000 euro fine by the Court of Appeal of Basse-Terre, after he
had refused to speak Creole, which is expelled from the court and his lawyer could not argue.
9 activists of the union of the Hotel and Catering affiliated with UGTG are called the 7 to 10 December 2010 before a judge for
their "possible" under investigation for homicide indirect injuries indirect endangering the lives of others and hinders the freedom of
movement. French justice officials want to make, particularly Charly Lendo, the accidental death of a young moped riders in
February 2009. A lawyer for the UGTG is subjected to threats, intimidation and attacks, ... then assaulted by gendarmes on 22
October for attempting to enter the courthouse to defend Charly Lendo.
The Solidarity Trade Union reiterates its full solidarity with the comrades of the LKP and comrades of the UGTG. State and
employers rely on repression to weaken the tools activists who have allowed the people of Guadeloupe to win important victories
social.
It is the responsibility of the union movement to respond with support, demonstration of the international nature of trade unionism
and class.
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Represented by
Jean-Luc Michel Fabre
Prefect since 29 October 2009
Victorin Lurel
President of the Regional Council
Since 22 April 2004
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None reported.