| PORTUGAL Portuguese Republic Republica Portuguesa Joined United Nations: 14 December 1955 Human Rights as assured by their constitution Click here Updated 01/28/11 |
| CAPITAL |
| POPULATION |
| CHIEF OF STATE |
| SELECTION PROCESS |
Lisbon
10,735,765 (July 2010 est.)
Jose Socrates Carvalho Pinto de
Sousa
Prime Minister since 12 March 2005
Sousa
Prime Minister since 12 March 2005
President elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a
second term); election last held 22 January 2006
Next scheduled election: January 2011
second term); election last held 22 January 2006
Next scheduled election: January 2011
HEAD OF GOVERNMENT
SELECTION PROCESS
Following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or
leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister
by the president. Elections last held on 27 September 2009
Next scheduled election: Fall 2013
leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister
by the president. Elections last held on 27 September 2009
Next scheduled election: Fall 2013
| DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS |
| ETHNIC GROUPS |
Homogeneous Mediterranean stock; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number
less than 100,000; since 1990 East Europeans have entered Portugal
less than 100,000; since 1990 East Europeans have entered Portugal
| RELIGIONS |
Roman Catholic 84.5%, other Christian 2.2%, other 0.3%, unknown 9%, none 3.9% (2001 census)
| GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE |
Republic; parliamentary democracy with 18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2 autonomous regions (regioes autonomas, singular -
regiao autonoma); Legal system is based on civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the constitutionality of legislation;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Executive: President elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 23 January 2011 (next to be
held in January 2016); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed
prime minister by the president
Legislative: Unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (230 seats; members are elected by popular vote
to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 27 September 2009 (next to be held in Fall 2013)
Judicial: Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (judges appointed for life by the Conselho Superior da Magistratura)
regiao autonoma); Legal system is based on civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the constitutionality of legislation;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Executive: President elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 23 January 2011 (next to be
held in January 2016); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed
prime minister by the president
Legislative: Unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (230 seats; members are elected by popular vote
to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 27 September 2009 (next to be held in Fall 2013)
Judicial: Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (judges appointed for life by the Conselho Superior da Magistratura)
| LANGUAGES |
Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official - but locally used)
| BRIEF HISTORY |
The region of present-day Portugal was inhabited by Neanderthals and then by Homo sapiens. Early in the first millennium BC,
several waves of Celts invaded Portugal from central Europe and intermarried with the local populations, forming different ethnic
groups, with many tribes. Chief among these tribes were the Calaicians or Gallaeci of northern Portugal, the Lusitanians of central
Portugal, the Celtici of Alentejo, and the Cynetes or Conii of the Algarve. Among the lesser tribes or sub-divisions were the
Bracari, Coelerni, Equaesi, Grovii, Interamici, Leuni, Luanqui, Limici, Narbasi, Nemetati, Paesuri, Quaquerni, Seurbi, Tamagani,
Tapoli, Turduli, Turduli Veteres, Turdulorum Oppida, Turodi, and Zoelae). There were in the southern part the country, some small,
semipermanent commercial coastal settlements founded by Phoenicians-Carthaginians (such as Tavira, in the Algarve). The first
Roman invasion of the Iberian Peninsula occurred in 219 BC. Within 200 years, almost the entire peninsula had been annexed to the
Roman Empire. The Carthaginians, Rome's adversary in the Punic Wars, were expelled from their coastal colonies. Rome installed
a colonial regime. During this period, Lusitania grew in prosperity and many of modern day Portugal's cities and towns were
founded. In 27 BC, Lusitania gained the status of Roman province. Later, a northern province of Lusitania was formed, known as
Gallaecia, with capital in Bracara (today's Braga). Portugal's name derives from the Roman name Portus Cale. Cale was the name
of an early settlement located at the mouth of the Douro River, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean in the north of what is now
Portugal. In the early 5th century, Germanic tribes, not all of them truly barbarian, invaded the peninsula, namely the Suevi, the
Vandals (Silingi and Hasdingi) and their allies, the Sarmatian Alans. Only the kingdom of the Suevi (Quadi and Marcomanni)
endured after the arrival of another wave of Germanic invaders, the Visigoths, who conquered all of the Iberian Peninsula and
expelled or partially integrated the Vandals and the Alans. The Visigoths eventually conquered the Suevi kingdom and its capital city
Bracara in 584–585. In 711, the Islamic Moors (mainly Berber with some Arab) from North Africa invaded the Iberian Peninsula,
destroying the Visigothic Kingdom. Many of the ousted Gothic nobles took refuge in the unconquered north Asturian highlands.
From there they aimed to reconquer their lands from the Moors: this war of reconquest is known in Portuguese as the Reconquista.
In 868, Count Vímara Peres reconquered and governed the region between the Minho and Douro rivers. The county was then
known as Portucale (i.e., Portugal). Portugal gained its first de jure independence (as the Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal) in 1065
under the rule of Garcia II. Because of feudal power struggles, Portuguese and Galician nobles rebelled. In 1072, the country
rejoined León and Castile under Garcia II's brother Alphonso VI of Castile. In 1095, Portugal separated almost completely from
the Kingdom of Galicia. Its territories consisting largely of mountain, moorland and forest were bounded on the north by the Minho,
on the south by the Mondego. Portugal traces its national origin to 24 June 1128 with the Battle of São Mamede. Afonso
proclaimed himself first Prince of Portugal and in 1139 the first King of Portugal. By 1143, with the assistance of a representative of
the Holy See at the conference of Zamora, Portugal was formally recognized as independent, with the prince recognized as Dux
Portucalensis. In 1179, Afonso I was declared, by the Pope, as king. From 1249 to 1250, the Algarve, the southernmost region,
was finally re-conquered by Portugal from the Moors. In 1255, the capital shifted to Lisbon. Portugal's land-based boundaries have
been notably stable in history. The border with Spain has remained almost unchanged since the 13th century. During the 15th and
16th centuries, Portugal was a major European power, ranking with England, France and Spain in terms of economic, political, and
cultural influence. Though not predominant in European affairs, Portugal did have an extensive colonial trading empire throughout the
world backed by a powerful thalassocracy. July 25, 1415 marked the beginning of the Portuguese Empire, when the Portuguese
Armada departed to the rich trade Islamic centre of Ceuta in North Africa with King John I and his sons Prince Duarte (future
king), Prince Pedro, Prince Henry the Navigator and Prince Afonso, and legendary Portuguese hero Nuno Álvares Pereira. On
August 21, the city was conquered by Portugal, and the long-lived Portuguese Empire was founded. In 1484, Portugal officially
rejected Christopher Columbus's idea of reaching India from the west, because it was seen as unreasonable. The Portuguese
became the first civilization to fully start the process we know today as globalization. After the 16th century, Portugal gradually saw
its wealth decreasing. Even if Portugal was officially an autonomous state, the country was under the rule of the Spanish monarchy
from 1580 to 1640, and Portuguese colonies were attacked by Spain's opponents, especially the Dutch and English who aspired to
dominate both the Atlantic slave trade and the spice trade with the Far East. For a short time the Dutch even managed to dominate
Portugal's possessions in Brazil but this was reversed, beginning with a major Spanish-Portuguese military operation in 1625. In the
17th century the Portuguese emigrated in large numbers to Brazil. By 1709, John V prohibited emigration, since Portugal had lost a
sizable fraction of its population. Brazil was elevated to a vice-kingdom. Napoleon Bonaparte's demand to accede to the
Continental System of embargo against the United Kingdom; a French invasion under General Junot followed, and Lisbon was
captured on 1 December 1807. British intervention in the Peninsular War restored Portuguese independence, the last French troops
being expelled in 1812. A republican constitution was approved in 1911, inaugurating a parliamentary regime with reduced
presidential powers and two chambers of parliament. By the mid-1920s the domestic and international scenes began to favour
another authoritarian solution, wherein a strengthened executive might restore political and social order. Since the opposition’s
constitutional route to power was blocked by the various means deployed by the PRP to protect itself, it turned to the army for
support. Political chaos, several strikes, harsh relations with the Church, and considerable economic problems aggravated by a
disastrous military intervention in the First World War led to the military 28th May 1926 coup d'état, installing the "Second
Republic" that would later become the Estado Novo in 1933, led by António de Oliveira Salazar, which transformed Portugal into a
proto-Fascist Axis-leaning state, which later evolved into some mixture of single party corporative regime. The "'Carnation
Revolution" of 1974, an effectively bloodless left-wing military coup, installed the "Third Republic". Broad democratic reforms were
implemented. In 1975, Portugal granted independence to its Overseas Provinces (Províncias Ultramarinas in Portuguese) in Africa
(Mozambique, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde and São Tomé and Príncipe). Nearly 1 million Portuguese or persons of
Portuguese descent left these former colonies. In that same year, Indonesia invaded and annexed the Portuguese province of
Portuguese Timor (East Timor) in Asia before independence could be granted. The Asian dependency of Macau, after an
agreement in 1986, was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1999. Portugal applied international pressure to secure East Timor's
independence from Indonesia, as East Timor was still legally a Portuguese dependency, and recognized as such by the United
Nations. After a referendum in 1999, East Timor voted for independence and Portugal recognized its independence in 2002. With
the 1975–76 independence of its colonies (other than Macau which had no independence movement), the 560 year old Portuguese
Empire had already effectively ended. With it, 15 years of war effort also came to an end. Also many Portuguese returned from the
colonies, coming to comprise a sizeable sector of the population and starting an economic recovery, thus opening new paths for the
country's future just as others closed. In 1986, Portugal entered the European Economic Community and joined the Euro in 1999.
The Portuguese empire finished de facto in 1999 when Macau was returned to China, and de jure in 2002 when East Timor was
independent.
Source: Wikipedia: History of Portugal
several waves of Celts invaded Portugal from central Europe and intermarried with the local populations, forming different ethnic
groups, with many tribes. Chief among these tribes were the Calaicians or Gallaeci of northern Portugal, the Lusitanians of central
Portugal, the Celtici of Alentejo, and the Cynetes or Conii of the Algarve. Among the lesser tribes or sub-divisions were the
Bracari, Coelerni, Equaesi, Grovii, Interamici, Leuni, Luanqui, Limici, Narbasi, Nemetati, Paesuri, Quaquerni, Seurbi, Tamagani,
Tapoli, Turduli, Turduli Veteres, Turdulorum Oppida, Turodi, and Zoelae). There were in the southern part the country, some small,
semipermanent commercial coastal settlements founded by Phoenicians-Carthaginians (such as Tavira, in the Algarve). The first
Roman invasion of the Iberian Peninsula occurred in 219 BC. Within 200 years, almost the entire peninsula had been annexed to the
Roman Empire. The Carthaginians, Rome's adversary in the Punic Wars, were expelled from their coastal colonies. Rome installed
a colonial regime. During this period, Lusitania grew in prosperity and many of modern day Portugal's cities and towns were
founded. In 27 BC, Lusitania gained the status of Roman province. Later, a northern province of Lusitania was formed, known as
Gallaecia, with capital in Bracara (today's Braga). Portugal's name derives from the Roman name Portus Cale. Cale was the name
of an early settlement located at the mouth of the Douro River, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean in the north of what is now
Portugal. In the early 5th century, Germanic tribes, not all of them truly barbarian, invaded the peninsula, namely the Suevi, the
Vandals (Silingi and Hasdingi) and their allies, the Sarmatian Alans. Only the kingdom of the Suevi (Quadi and Marcomanni)
endured after the arrival of another wave of Germanic invaders, the Visigoths, who conquered all of the Iberian Peninsula and
expelled or partially integrated the Vandals and the Alans. The Visigoths eventually conquered the Suevi kingdom and its capital city
Bracara in 584–585. In 711, the Islamic Moors (mainly Berber with some Arab) from North Africa invaded the Iberian Peninsula,
destroying the Visigothic Kingdom. Many of the ousted Gothic nobles took refuge in the unconquered north Asturian highlands.
From there they aimed to reconquer their lands from the Moors: this war of reconquest is known in Portuguese as the Reconquista.
In 868, Count Vímara Peres reconquered and governed the region between the Minho and Douro rivers. The county was then
known as Portucale (i.e., Portugal). Portugal gained its first de jure independence (as the Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal) in 1065
under the rule of Garcia II. Because of feudal power struggles, Portuguese and Galician nobles rebelled. In 1072, the country
rejoined León and Castile under Garcia II's brother Alphonso VI of Castile. In 1095, Portugal separated almost completely from
the Kingdom of Galicia. Its territories consisting largely of mountain, moorland and forest were bounded on the north by the Minho,
on the south by the Mondego. Portugal traces its national origin to 24 June 1128 with the Battle of São Mamede. Afonso
proclaimed himself first Prince of Portugal and in 1139 the first King of Portugal. By 1143, with the assistance of a representative of
the Holy See at the conference of Zamora, Portugal was formally recognized as independent, with the prince recognized as Dux
Portucalensis. In 1179, Afonso I was declared, by the Pope, as king. From 1249 to 1250, the Algarve, the southernmost region,
was finally re-conquered by Portugal from the Moors. In 1255, the capital shifted to Lisbon. Portugal's land-based boundaries have
been notably stable in history. The border with Spain has remained almost unchanged since the 13th century. During the 15th and
16th centuries, Portugal was a major European power, ranking with England, France and Spain in terms of economic, political, and
cultural influence. Though not predominant in European affairs, Portugal did have an extensive colonial trading empire throughout the
world backed by a powerful thalassocracy. July 25, 1415 marked the beginning of the Portuguese Empire, when the Portuguese
Armada departed to the rich trade Islamic centre of Ceuta in North Africa with King John I and his sons Prince Duarte (future
king), Prince Pedro, Prince Henry the Navigator and Prince Afonso, and legendary Portuguese hero Nuno Álvares Pereira. On
August 21, the city was conquered by Portugal, and the long-lived Portuguese Empire was founded. In 1484, Portugal officially
rejected Christopher Columbus's idea of reaching India from the west, because it was seen as unreasonable. The Portuguese
became the first civilization to fully start the process we know today as globalization. After the 16th century, Portugal gradually saw
its wealth decreasing. Even if Portugal was officially an autonomous state, the country was under the rule of the Spanish monarchy
from 1580 to 1640, and Portuguese colonies were attacked by Spain's opponents, especially the Dutch and English who aspired to
dominate both the Atlantic slave trade and the spice trade with the Far East. For a short time the Dutch even managed to dominate
Portugal's possessions in Brazil but this was reversed, beginning with a major Spanish-Portuguese military operation in 1625. In the
17th century the Portuguese emigrated in large numbers to Brazil. By 1709, John V prohibited emigration, since Portugal had lost a
sizable fraction of its population. Brazil was elevated to a vice-kingdom. Napoleon Bonaparte's demand to accede to the
Continental System of embargo against the United Kingdom; a French invasion under General Junot followed, and Lisbon was
captured on 1 December 1807. British intervention in the Peninsular War restored Portuguese independence, the last French troops
being expelled in 1812. A republican constitution was approved in 1911, inaugurating a parliamentary regime with reduced
presidential powers and two chambers of parliament. By the mid-1920s the domestic and international scenes began to favour
another authoritarian solution, wherein a strengthened executive might restore political and social order. Since the opposition’s
constitutional route to power was blocked by the various means deployed by the PRP to protect itself, it turned to the army for
support. Political chaos, several strikes, harsh relations with the Church, and considerable economic problems aggravated by a
disastrous military intervention in the First World War led to the military 28th May 1926 coup d'état, installing the "Second
Republic" that would later become the Estado Novo in 1933, led by António de Oliveira Salazar, which transformed Portugal into a
proto-Fascist Axis-leaning state, which later evolved into some mixture of single party corporative regime. The "'Carnation
Revolution" of 1974, an effectively bloodless left-wing military coup, installed the "Third Republic". Broad democratic reforms were
implemented. In 1975, Portugal granted independence to its Overseas Provinces (Províncias Ultramarinas in Portuguese) in Africa
(Mozambique, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde and São Tomé and Príncipe). Nearly 1 million Portuguese or persons of
Portuguese descent left these former colonies. In that same year, Indonesia invaded and annexed the Portuguese province of
Portuguese Timor (East Timor) in Asia before independence could be granted. The Asian dependency of Macau, after an
agreement in 1986, was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1999. Portugal applied international pressure to secure East Timor's
independence from Indonesia, as East Timor was still legally a Portuguese dependency, and recognized as such by the United
Nations. After a referendum in 1999, East Timor voted for independence and Portugal recognized its independence in 2002. With
the 1975–76 independence of its colonies (other than Macau which had no independence movement), the 560 year old Portuguese
Empire had already effectively ended. With it, 15 years of war effort also came to an end. Also many Portuguese returned from the
colonies, coming to comprise a sizeable sector of the population and starting an economic recovery, thus opening new paths for the
country's future just as others closed. In 1986, Portugal entered the European Economic Community and joined the Euro in 1999.
The Portuguese empire finished de facto in 1999 when Macau was returned to China, and de jure in 2002 when East Timor was
independent.
Source: Wikipedia: History of Portugal
| ECONOMIC OVERVIEW |
Portugal has become a diversified and increasingly service-based economy since joining the European Community in 1986. Over
the past two decades, successive governments have privatized many state-controlled firms and liberalized key areas of the
economy, including the financial and telecommunications sectors. The country qualified for the European Monetary Union (EMU) in
1998 and began circulating the euro on 1 January 2002 along with 11 other EU member economies. Economic growth had been
above the EU average for much of the 1990s, but fell back in 2001-08, shrank 2.6% in 2009, before growing 1% in 2010. GDP
per capita stands at roughly two-thirds of the EU-27 average. A poor educational system and a rigid labor market have been
obstacles to greater productivity and growth. Portugal also has been increasingly overshadowed by lower-cost producers in Central
Europe and Asia as a target for foreign direct investment. Portugal's competitiveness problems, low growth prospects, and high
levels of public debt have made it vulnerable to bond market turbulence. Lisbon is implementing austerity measures to reduce the
budget deficit from 9.4% of GDP in 2009 to 4.6% of GDP in 2011, but some investors have expressed concern about Portugal's
ability to achieve these targets and cover its sovereign debt. Without the option for stimulus measures, the government is focusing
instead on boosting exports and implementing labor market reforms to try to raise GDP growth and tackle Portugal's
competitiveness problems, which may help mitigate investor concerns over time.
Source: CIA World Factbook (select Portugal)
the past two decades, successive governments have privatized many state-controlled firms and liberalized key areas of the
economy, including the financial and telecommunications sectors. The country qualified for the European Monetary Union (EMU) in
1998 and began circulating the euro on 1 January 2002 along with 11 other EU member economies. Economic growth had been
above the EU average for much of the 1990s, but fell back in 2001-08, shrank 2.6% in 2009, before growing 1% in 2010. GDP
per capita stands at roughly two-thirds of the EU-27 average. A poor educational system and a rigid labor market have been
obstacles to greater productivity and growth. Portugal also has been increasingly overshadowed by lower-cost producers in Central
Europe and Asia as a target for foreign direct investment. Portugal's competitiveness problems, low growth prospects, and high
levels of public debt have made it vulnerable to bond market turbulence. Lisbon is implementing austerity measures to reduce the
budget deficit from 9.4% of GDP in 2009 to 4.6% of GDP in 2011, but some investors have expressed concern about Portugal's
ability to achieve these targets and cover its sovereign debt. Without the option for stimulus measures, the government is focusing
instead on boosting exports and implementing labor market reforms to try to raise GDP growth and tackle Portugal's
competitiveness problems, which may help mitigate investor concerns over time.
Source: CIA World Factbook (select Portugal)
| POLITICAL CLIMATE |
Portugal's April 25, 1976 constitution reflected the country's 1974-76 move from authoritarian rule to provisional military
government to a parliamentary democracy with some initial communist and left-wing influence. The military coup in 1974 was a
result of the colonial wars and removed the authoritarian dictator, Marcelo Caetano, from power. The prospect of a communist
takeover in Portugal generated considerable concern among the country's NATO allies. The revolution also led to the country
abruptly abandoning its colonies overseas and to the return of an estimated 600,000 Portuguese citizens from abroad. The 1976
constitution, which defined Portugal as a "Republic ... engaged in the formation of a classless society," was revised in 1982, 1989,
1992, 1997, 2001, and 2004.
The 1982 revision of the constitution placed the military under strict civilian control, trimmed the powers of the president, and
abolished the Revolutionary Council (a non-elected committee with legislative veto powers). The country joined the European
Union in 1986, beginning a path toward greater economic and political integration with its richer neighbors in Europe. The 1989
revision of the constitution eliminated much of the remaining Marxist rhetoric of the original document, abolished the
communist-inspired "agrarian reform", and laid the groundwork for further privatization of nationalized firms and the
government-owned communications media. The 1992 revision made it compatible with the Maastricht treaty.
The current Portuguese constitution provides for progressive administrative decentralization and calls for future reorganization on a
regional basis. The Azores and Madeira Islands have constitutionally mandated autonomous status. A regional autonomy statute
promulgated in 1980 established the Government of the Autonomous Region of the Azores; the Government of the Autonomous
Region of Madeira operates under a provisional autonomy statute in effect since 1976. Apart from the Azores and Madeira, the
country is divided into 18 districts, each headed by a governor appointed by the Minister of Internal Administration. Macau, a
former dependency, reverted to Chinese sovereignty in December 1999.
Legislative elections in Portugal were held on 27 September 2009 to renew all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic. The
Socialist Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister José Sócrates, won the largest number of seats, but didn't repeat the overall
majority they gained in 2005. The 2011 Portuguese presidential election was held on 23 January, 2011. This election resulted in the
re-election of Aníbal Cavaco Silva to a second term as President of Portugal. Turnout in this election was very low, where only
46.60% of the electorate cast their ballots. Cavaco Silva won by a landslide winning all 18 districts, both Autonomous regions of
Azores and Madeira and 293 municipalities of a total of 308.
Source: Wikipedia: Politics of Portugal
government to a parliamentary democracy with some initial communist and left-wing influence. The military coup in 1974 was a
result of the colonial wars and removed the authoritarian dictator, Marcelo Caetano, from power. The prospect of a communist
takeover in Portugal generated considerable concern among the country's NATO allies. The revolution also led to the country
abruptly abandoning its colonies overseas and to the return of an estimated 600,000 Portuguese citizens from abroad. The 1976
constitution, which defined Portugal as a "Republic ... engaged in the formation of a classless society," was revised in 1982, 1989,
1992, 1997, 2001, and 2004.
The 1982 revision of the constitution placed the military under strict civilian control, trimmed the powers of the president, and
abolished the Revolutionary Council (a non-elected committee with legislative veto powers). The country joined the European
Union in 1986, beginning a path toward greater economic and political integration with its richer neighbors in Europe. The 1989
revision of the constitution eliminated much of the remaining Marxist rhetoric of the original document, abolished the
communist-inspired "agrarian reform", and laid the groundwork for further privatization of nationalized firms and the
government-owned communications media. The 1992 revision made it compatible with the Maastricht treaty.
The current Portuguese constitution provides for progressive administrative decentralization and calls for future reorganization on a
regional basis. The Azores and Madeira Islands have constitutionally mandated autonomous status. A regional autonomy statute
promulgated in 1980 established the Government of the Autonomous Region of the Azores; the Government of the Autonomous
Region of Madeira operates under a provisional autonomy statute in effect since 1976. Apart from the Azores and Madeira, the
country is divided into 18 districts, each headed by a governor appointed by the Minister of Internal Administration. Macau, a
former dependency, reverted to Chinese sovereignty in December 1999.
Legislative elections in Portugal were held on 27 September 2009 to renew all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic. The
Socialist Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister José Sócrates, won the largest number of seats, but didn't repeat the overall
majority they gained in 2005. The 2011 Portuguese presidential election was held on 23 January, 2011. This election resulted in the
re-election of Aníbal Cavaco Silva to a second term as President of Portugal. Turnout in this election was very low, where only
46.60% of the electorate cast their ballots. Cavaco Silva won by a landslide winning all 18 districts, both Autonomous regions of
Azores and Madeira and 293 municipalities of a total of 308.
Source: Wikipedia: Politics of Portugal
| INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES |
Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the territory of Olivenza based on a difference of interpretation of the 1815
Congress of Vienna and the 1801 Treaty of Badajoz
Congress of Vienna and the 1801 Treaty of Badajoz
| REFUGEES AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS) |
None reported.
| ILLICIT DRUGS |
Seizing record amounts of Latin American cocaine destined for Europe; a European gateway for Southwest Asian heroin;
transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe; consumer of Southwest Asian heroin.
transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe; consumer of Southwest Asian heroin.
| HUMAN RIGHTS STATEMENTS, ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUES |
2009 Human Rights Report: Portugal
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
2009 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
March 11, 2010
Portugal, including the Azores and Madeira islands, has a population of approximately 10.7 million and is a constitutional democracy with
a president, a prime minister, and a parliament elected in multiparty elections. National parliamentary elections in September were free
and fair. Civilian authorities generally maintained effective control of the security forces.
There were human rights problems in several areas.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
2009 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
March 11, 2010
Portugal, including the Azores and Madeira islands, has a population of approximately 10.7 million and is a constitutional democracy with
a president, a prime minister, and a parliament elected in multiparty elections. National parliamentary elections in September were free
and fair. Civilian authorities generally maintained effective control of the security forces.
There were human rights problems in several areas.
- Police and prison guards occasionally beat or otherwise abused detainees and prisoners,
- incarcerated minors were not held separately from adults,
- prison conditions were poor,
- persons detained by police did not have an effective right to an attorney.
- Other problems included violence against women and children, discrimination against women, and trafficking in persons for
sexual exploitation and forced labor.
20 January 2010
COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE
Forty-third session
2-20 November 2009
List of issues prior to the submission of the sixth periodic report of
PORTUGAL
Articles 1 and 4
1. In light of the Committee’s previous concluding observations, please provide updated information on any steps taken by the State
party to amend article 243 of the Penal Code to explicitly include discrimination as a possible motive for acts of torture as defined under
article 1 of the Convention (para. 6).
2. Please provide information on the mandate of the Provedor de Justiça as related to the Convention, the number of complaints received
related to violations of the provisions of the Convention, the actions taken and their outcome.
Article 2
3. Please provide updated information on steps taken to guarantee that the time spent in custody for identification purposes (six hours
maximum) is deducted from the total period of custody, if applicable, as recommended by the Committee in its previous concluding
observations (para. 7 (b)).
4. With reference to the Committee’s previous concluding observations and the comments made by the State party to these
observations, please provide further details on the safeguards in place to ensure that a forensic report is ordered, either by the police or
the Public Prosecutor’s office, in all cases where a detainee alleges having been subjected to ill-treatment (para. 7 (c)).
5. Please describe steps taken to distinguish pretrial detention from detention of persons who have been tried in a court of first instance
and have appealed their sentence.
6. Please provide information on the amendment of the Penal Code concerning the length of pretrial detention and its impact on reducing
the length of time persons are detained before trial and the average length of pretrial detention.
7. Please provide detailed information on:
(a) Steps taken to ensure that detention incommunicado prior to appearance in court in cases of terrorism or organized violence is
explicitly and strictly regulated by law;
(b) The provisions regulating detention incommunicado, including which authority is competent to order it;
(c) The remedies available to this procedure.
Click here to read more »
COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE
Forty-third session
2-20 November 2009
List of issues prior to the submission of the sixth periodic report of
PORTUGAL
Articles 1 and 4
1. In light of the Committee’s previous concluding observations, please provide updated information on any steps taken by the State
party to amend article 243 of the Penal Code to explicitly include discrimination as a possible motive for acts of torture as defined under
article 1 of the Convention (para. 6).
2. Please provide information on the mandate of the Provedor de Justiça as related to the Convention, the number of complaints received
related to violations of the provisions of the Convention, the actions taken and their outcome.
Article 2
3. Please provide updated information on steps taken to guarantee that the time spent in custody for identification purposes (six hours
maximum) is deducted from the total period of custody, if applicable, as recommended by the Committee in its previous concluding
observations (para. 7 (b)).
4. With reference to the Committee’s previous concluding observations and the comments made by the State party to these
observations, please provide further details on the safeguards in place to ensure that a forensic report is ordered, either by the police or
the Public Prosecutor’s office, in all cases where a detainee alleges having been subjected to ill-treatment (para. 7 (c)).
5. Please describe steps taken to distinguish pretrial detention from detention of persons who have been tried in a court of first instance
and have appealed their sentence.
6. Please provide information on the amendment of the Penal Code concerning the length of pretrial detention and its impact on reducing
the length of time persons are detained before trial and the average length of pretrial detention.
7. Please provide detailed information on:
(a) Steps taken to ensure that detention incommunicado prior to appearance in court in cases of terrorism or organized violence is
explicitly and strictly regulated by law;
(b) The provisions regulating detention incommunicado, including which authority is competent to order it;
(c) The remedies available to this procedure.
Click here to read more »
Freedom In The World 2010 Report
Political Rights Score: 1
Civil Liberties Score: 1
Status: Free
Overview
In the run-up to the September 2009 parliamentary elections, in which Prime Minister Jose Socrates’ Socialist Party narrowly won
reelection, a scandal erupted over an allegation that the Socialist government was spying on President Anibal Cavaco Silva. Meanwhile,
corruption continued to be an issue of concern throughout the year.
Anibal Cavaco Silva, a center-right candidate who had served as prime minister from 1985 to 1995, won the 2006 presidential election,
marking the first time in Portugal’s recent history that the president and prime minister hailed from opposite sides of the political
spectrum.
Portugal held the rotating EU presidency for the second half of 2007, during which time Portugal oversaw the drafting the Treaty of
Lisbon, which replaced the proposed EU constitution that had been rejected in 2005. Ratification of the treaty by the 27-country bloc
was completed in November 2009.
In the September 2009 legislative elections, Jose Socrates’ governing Socialist Party won a narrow victory with 37 percent of the vote.
The centre-right Social Democratic Party captured 29 percent, followed by the Democraticand Social Centre/People's Party with nearly
11 percent. After talks of forming a coalition fell apart, the Socialists formed a minority government in October.
Leading up to the September election, an espionage scandal overtook election coverage when the newspaper Publico reported that
President Silva feared that he was under surveillance by the Socialist government. The opposition newspaper, Diario de Noticias, alleged
that the story was leaked by Silva’s longtime advisor, Fernando Lima, who was subsequently fired by Silva at the end of September. The
president addressed the scandal following the elections, denying reports that he thought the presidency was under surveillance and
claiming that Lima had been let go due to the disruption caused by his supposed involvement.
Portugal is an electoral democracy. The 230 members of the unicameral legislature, the Assembly of the Republic, are elected every four
years using a system of proportional representation. The president, elected for up to two five-year terms, holds no executive powers,
though he can delay legislation with a veto and dissolve the Assembly to call early elections. The prime minister is nominated by the
Assembly, and the choice is confirmed by the president. The constitution was amended in 1997 to allow resident noncitizens to vote in
presidential elections.
Click here to read more »
Political Rights Score: 1
Civil Liberties Score: 1
Status: Free
Overview
In the run-up to the September 2009 parliamentary elections, in which Prime Minister Jose Socrates’ Socialist Party narrowly won
reelection, a scandal erupted over an allegation that the Socialist government was spying on President Anibal Cavaco Silva. Meanwhile,
corruption continued to be an issue of concern throughout the year.
Anibal Cavaco Silva, a center-right candidate who had served as prime minister from 1985 to 1995, won the 2006 presidential election,
marking the first time in Portugal’s recent history that the president and prime minister hailed from opposite sides of the political
spectrum.
Portugal held the rotating EU presidency for the second half of 2007, during which time Portugal oversaw the drafting the Treaty of
Lisbon, which replaced the proposed EU constitution that had been rejected in 2005. Ratification of the treaty by the 27-country bloc
was completed in November 2009.
In the September 2009 legislative elections, Jose Socrates’ governing Socialist Party won a narrow victory with 37 percent of the vote.
The centre-right Social Democratic Party captured 29 percent, followed by the Democraticand Social Centre/People's Party with nearly
11 percent. After talks of forming a coalition fell apart, the Socialists formed a minority government in October.
Leading up to the September election, an espionage scandal overtook election coverage when the newspaper Publico reported that
President Silva feared that he was under surveillance by the Socialist government. The opposition newspaper, Diario de Noticias, alleged
that the story was leaked by Silva’s longtime advisor, Fernando Lima, who was subsequently fired by Silva at the end of September. The
president addressed the scandal following the elections, denying reports that he thought the presidency was under surveillance and
claiming that Lima had been let go due to the disruption caused by his supposed involvement.
Portugal is an electoral democracy. The 230 members of the unicameral legislature, the Assembly of the Republic, are elected every four
years using a system of proportional representation. The president, elected for up to two five-year terms, holds no executive powers,
though he can delay legislation with a veto and dissolve the Assembly to call early elections. The prime minister is nominated by the
Assembly, and the choice is confirmed by the president. The constitution was amended in 1997 to allow resident noncitizens to vote in
presidential elections.
Click here to read more »
European states must take concrete steps to help close Guantánamo
11 January 2010
Leading human rights organizations have urged more European states to accept detainees held at the US detention centre at Guantánamo
who cannot be returned to their countries of origin for fear of torture or other human rights violations.
On the eighth anniversary of the first transfers to Guantánamo, the organisations urged other countries, including Germany, Finland,
Sweden and Luxembourg to do more to aid the transfer of roughly 50 such men who remain trapped after years of unlawful detention.
“Although several countries have already led the way, it is disappointing that only a few European governments have stepped forward to
help those in need of protection,” said Sharon Critoph, Campaigner on the US at Amnesty International “Amongst those governments
which have failed to assist are those previously most vocal in calling for Guantánamo to be closed.”
Reprieve, the Center for Constitutional Rights and former Guantánamo detainee Moazzam Begg of the organization Cage Prisoners are
today beginning a tour across Europe urging more states to offer the men a safe haven. The tour will be hosted by Amnesty International’
s national sections.
These men remain detained for the sole reason that they have no safe place to go. They have been essentially abandoned at Guantánamo.
The plight of these men poses one of the most significant obstacles to the closure of the detention centre.
A number of European states have already taken the commendable step of offering a safe haven to such detainees, in line with the stated
aims of the EU-US joint agreement on the closure of Guantánamo. These include France, Ireland, Portugal, Hungary and Belgium.On this
important anniversary, human rights groups are urging others to follow suit.
The men come from countries such as Libya, Tunisia, Syria, China and Russia, where they will be at serious risk of torture or other
human rights violations if returned.
The US government has been seeking safe countries willing to offer these men an opportunity to rebuild their lives and is primarily
responsible for finding solutions for all those held at Guantánamo.
The international community which has repeatedly called for the detention centre’s closure can however help in realizing this aim by
offering a safe haven to some of these men.
Guantánamo remains a stark symbol of injustice. Human rights groups have expressed concern that the detention facility will remain
open past 22 January 2010, the date by which US President Barack Obama had pledged to close it. Unless more European countries
step forward now to help, some of the most vulnerable detainees remain at serious risk of forcible return to abuse.
''The last decade saw the erosion of the rule of law and international respect for human rights. Guantánamo stands for all that went
wrong and it must now be closed’’ said Sophie Weller of the Center for Constitutional Rights.‘‘The men who remain detained because
they lack a safe haven continue, every day to pay the human price for delay and inaction in achieving this aim.”
“Many European governments have condemned the ongoing detention of prisoners at Guantánamo Bay. Now they can do something
about it,” said Clive Stafford Smith, Director of Reprieve. “Actions really do speak louder than words in this case; its time to turn the
rhetoric into reality and get Guantánamo closed as soon as possible.”
The human rights organisations welcomed the actions of those countries which have already come forward to assist – such as France,
Ireland, Portugal, Belgium, Hungary - but expressed disappointment that others had not taken concrete steps in line with the EU-US Joint
Statement on the Closure of Guantánamo Bay.
Click here to read more »
11 January 2010
Leading human rights organizations have urged more European states to accept detainees held at the US detention centre at Guantánamo
who cannot be returned to their countries of origin for fear of torture or other human rights violations.
On the eighth anniversary of the first transfers to Guantánamo, the organisations urged other countries, including Germany, Finland,
Sweden and Luxembourg to do more to aid the transfer of roughly 50 such men who remain trapped after years of unlawful detention.
“Although several countries have already led the way, it is disappointing that only a few European governments have stepped forward to
help those in need of protection,” said Sharon Critoph, Campaigner on the US at Amnesty International “Amongst those governments
which have failed to assist are those previously most vocal in calling for Guantánamo to be closed.”
Reprieve, the Center for Constitutional Rights and former Guantánamo detainee Moazzam Begg of the organization Cage Prisoners are
today beginning a tour across Europe urging more states to offer the men a safe haven. The tour will be hosted by Amnesty International’
s national sections.
These men remain detained for the sole reason that they have no safe place to go. They have been essentially abandoned at Guantánamo.
The plight of these men poses one of the most significant obstacles to the closure of the detention centre.
A number of European states have already taken the commendable step of offering a safe haven to such detainees, in line with the stated
aims of the EU-US joint agreement on the closure of Guantánamo. These include France, Ireland, Portugal, Hungary and Belgium.On this
important anniversary, human rights groups are urging others to follow suit.
The men come from countries such as Libya, Tunisia, Syria, China and Russia, where they will be at serious risk of torture or other
human rights violations if returned.
The US government has been seeking safe countries willing to offer these men an opportunity to rebuild their lives and is primarily
responsible for finding solutions for all those held at Guantánamo.
The international community which has repeatedly called for the detention centre’s closure can however help in realizing this aim by
offering a safe haven to some of these men.
Guantánamo remains a stark symbol of injustice. Human rights groups have expressed concern that the detention facility will remain
open past 22 January 2010, the date by which US President Barack Obama had pledged to close it. Unless more European countries
step forward now to help, some of the most vulnerable detainees remain at serious risk of forcible return to abuse.
''The last decade saw the erosion of the rule of law and international respect for human rights. Guantánamo stands for all that went
wrong and it must now be closed’’ said Sophie Weller of the Center for Constitutional Rights.‘‘The men who remain detained because
they lack a safe haven continue, every day to pay the human price for delay and inaction in achieving this aim.”
“Many European governments have condemned the ongoing detention of prisoners at Guantánamo Bay. Now they can do something
about it,” said Clive Stafford Smith, Director of Reprieve. “Actions really do speak louder than words in this case; its time to turn the
rhetoric into reality and get Guantánamo closed as soon as possible.”
The human rights organisations welcomed the actions of those countries which have already come forward to assist – such as France,
Ireland, Portugal, Belgium, Hungary - but expressed disappointment that others had not taken concrete steps in line with the EU-US Joint
Statement on the Closure of Guantánamo Bay.
Click here to read more »
EU: Accept Portugal’s Call to Take Guantanamo Detainees
First Formal Call for Resettlement From an EU Government
December 11, 2008
(Washington, DC, December 11, 2008) - Other EU governments should accept Portugal's call to resettle Guantanamo detainees who
cannot be returned to their home countries, Human Rights Watch said today. The Portuguese foreign minister, Luis Amado, made the
call this week in a letter to his EU counterparts, stating that the "time has come for the European Union to step forward."
Portugal is the first country to press publicly and formally for a coordinated EU resettlement plan.
"For years, the US has been unable to convince its European allies to accept Guantanamo detainees who cannot be sent back home," said
Jennifer Daskal, senior counterterrorism counsel for Human Rights Watch. "For the first time an EU government is publicly pushing to
make that happen, and others should echo Portugal's call."
Of the 250 detainees still being held at Guantanamo, about 30 to 40 have expressed concern about being tortured or persecuted if
returned to their home countries. The men come from places such as China, Uzbekistan, Libya, and Algeria - all countries with long
records of committing torture.
These detainees include a group of Chinese Uighurs who have been cleared for release for years. US efforts over several years to
convince its European allies to resettle these and other detainees have been unsuccessful, in part because the Bush administration has
been unwilling to accept them in the United States. In October 2008, a US federal court ordered the Bush administration to release the
Uighurs into the United States because the government had failed to find another placement for them. The government has appealed the
ruling, and the Uighurs remain detained in Guantanamo.
Human Rights Watch has long called on the United States to resettle some of the Guantanamo detainees into the United States who
cannot be sent back home, including the Uighurs. Human Rights Watch also recognizes that EU assistance in resettling some detainees is
necessary to ensure the prompt closure of Guantanamo.
"The United States created the Guantanamo problem, and the United States is responsible for solving it," Daskal said. "But European
governments can play a vital role in helping resettle detainees who have nowhere else to go."
Click here to read more »
First Formal Call for Resettlement From an EU Government
December 11, 2008
(Washington, DC, December 11, 2008) - Other EU governments should accept Portugal's call to resettle Guantanamo detainees who
cannot be returned to their home countries, Human Rights Watch said today. The Portuguese foreign minister, Luis Amado, made the
call this week in a letter to his EU counterparts, stating that the "time has come for the European Union to step forward."
Portugal is the first country to press publicly and formally for a coordinated EU resettlement plan.
"For years, the US has been unable to convince its European allies to accept Guantanamo detainees who cannot be sent back home," said
Jennifer Daskal, senior counterterrorism counsel for Human Rights Watch. "For the first time an EU government is publicly pushing to
make that happen, and others should echo Portugal's call."
Of the 250 detainees still being held at Guantanamo, about 30 to 40 have expressed concern about being tortured or persecuted if
returned to their home countries. The men come from places such as China, Uzbekistan, Libya, and Algeria - all countries with long
records of committing torture.
These detainees include a group of Chinese Uighurs who have been cleared for release for years. US efforts over several years to
convince its European allies to resettle these and other detainees have been unsuccessful, in part because the Bush administration has
been unwilling to accept them in the United States. In October 2008, a US federal court ordered the Bush administration to release the
Uighurs into the United States because the government had failed to find another placement for them. The government has appealed the
ruling, and the Uighurs remain detained in Guantanamo.
Human Rights Watch has long called on the United States to resettle some of the Guantanamo detainees into the United States who
cannot be sent back home, including the Uighurs. Human Rights Watch also recognizes that EU assistance in resettling some detainees is
necessary to ensure the prompt closure of Guantanamo.
"The United States created the Guantanamo problem, and the United States is responsible for solving it," Daskal said. "But European
governments can play a vital role in helping resettle detainees who have nowhere else to go."
Click here to read more »
TRANSLATED FROM PORTUGUESE BY GOOGLE TRANSLATE
Statement by Ms. Elza Pais, Portuguese Secretary of State for Equality - 54th CSW: "The role of women in good governance"
(New York, 02.03.2010)
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Let me highlight two policy measures that m uch have contributed to the quality of democracy in my country.
1. The Parity Law - This law provides that the lists of candidates submitted to the Parliament, the European Parliament and Local
Councils are composed of a minimum representation of 33% of each sex.
Further, the constitution of the electoral lists, this law prevents there being more than three people followed the same sex in each list,
with the aim of countering the earlier appearance of women in electoral lists, but mostly in places not eligible.
This legislation allowed the results of elections in March 2009 has reflected an increase in the representation of women in those instances.
The current Government is also more parity than any of the above: it has five women ministers out of 16 ministers.
This Law, also serves to strengthen democracy, contributes to a new fiscal policy, making it closer to people. We have a democracy
now more qualified.
The political path of affirmation for Gender Equality was recently recognized internationally by the Council of Europe, in giving the
Portuguese Socialist Party (former and current government) the 1st prize of active policies to promote gender equality in Europe.
This award was due to the fact that the Socialist Party has proposed, in the Portuguese Parliament, passage of the Parity Law.
This Parity Law was one of the most important achievements has been done in the area of women's political participation in recent years
in Portugal.
2. Another policy measure that we implement, as a principle of good governance is the introduction of plans for equality in local and
central public administration, and business.
These plans are to actively contribute to an evolution in the models to reconcile personal, family and professional women and men.
They have brought new social dynamics and organizational cultures are most attentive to people.
Today, let me say this, I see my country more modern and fairer.
Click here to read more »
Statement by Ms. Elza Pais, Portuguese Secretary of State for Equality - 54th CSW: "The role of women in good governance"
(New York, 02.03.2010)
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Let me highlight two policy measures that m uch have contributed to the quality of democracy in my country.
1. The Parity Law - This law provides that the lists of candidates submitted to the Parliament, the European Parliament and Local
Councils are composed of a minimum representation of 33% of each sex.
Further, the constitution of the electoral lists, this law prevents there being more than three people followed the same sex in each list,
with the aim of countering the earlier appearance of women in electoral lists, but mostly in places not eligible.
This legislation allowed the results of elections in March 2009 has reflected an increase in the representation of women in those instances.
The current Government is also more parity than any of the above: it has five women ministers out of 16 ministers.
This Law, also serves to strengthen democracy, contributes to a new fiscal policy, making it closer to people. We have a democracy
now more qualified.
The political path of affirmation for Gender Equality was recently recognized internationally by the Council of Europe, in giving the
Portuguese Socialist Party (former and current government) the 1st prize of active policies to promote gender equality in Europe.
This award was due to the fact that the Socialist Party has proposed, in the Portuguese Parliament, passage of the Parity Law.
This Parity Law was one of the most important achievements has been done in the area of women's political participation in recent years
in Portugal.
2. Another policy measure that we implement, as a principle of good governance is the introduction of plans for equality in local and
central public administration, and business.
These plans are to actively contribute to an evolution in the models to reconcile personal, family and professional women and men.
They have brought new social dynamics and organizational cultures are most attentive to people.
Today, let me say this, I see my country more modern and fairer.
Click here to read more »
TRANSLATED FROM PORTUGUESE BY GOOGLE TRANSLATE
62 anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Ombudsman is the National Human Rights Institution
Office of the Ombudsman on 10 December 2010
To mark the 62nd anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which is celebrated on December 10, the Ombudsman -
Alfredo José de Sousa, recalls that in Portugal, this organ of state proprietorship is the National Institution for Human Rights in full
conformity with the Paris Principles and a privileged interlocutor for various international entities, serving as liaison between the
Portuguese system and the international system of protection of Human Rights.
Today, 12:30 Ombudsman to attend the awarding ceremony of the 2010 Human Rights Prize, chaired by President of parliament, in the
Ballroom of the Palace of St. Benedict.
18h 00, the Ombudsman has a presence in the Bar Association to attend the prize giving ceremony Dean Angelo d'Almeida Ribeiro 2010
Frei Bento Sundays. During this ceremony will be awarded Medals of Honor to lawyers AO Afonso Fernando Coelho dos Santos,
Diamond Marques Lopes, José Augusto Rocha, Luis de Azevedo, Maria Lucilia Santos and Miranda Xencora Camotim. The medal will
be posthumously Eduardo Tavares de Lacerda Machado and Mario Montalvan.
Attached are links to the Paris Principles, UN and EU to refer to the celebration of 62 anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights.
Click here to read more »
62 anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Ombudsman is the National Human Rights Institution
Office of the Ombudsman on 10 December 2010
To mark the 62nd anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which is celebrated on December 10, the Ombudsman -
Alfredo José de Sousa, recalls that in Portugal, this organ of state proprietorship is the National Institution for Human Rights in full
conformity with the Paris Principles and a privileged interlocutor for various international entities, serving as liaison between the
Portuguese system and the international system of protection of Human Rights.
Today, 12:30 Ombudsman to attend the awarding ceremony of the 2010 Human Rights Prize, chaired by President of parliament, in the
Ballroom of the Palace of St. Benedict.
18h 00, the Ombudsman has a presence in the Bar Association to attend the prize giving ceremony Dean Angelo d'Almeida Ribeiro 2010
Frei Bento Sundays. During this ceremony will be awarded Medals of Honor to lawyers AO Afonso Fernando Coelho dos Santos,
Diamond Marques Lopes, José Augusto Rocha, Luis de Azevedo, Maria Lucilia Santos and Miranda Xencora Camotim. The medal will
be posthumously Eduardo Tavares de Lacerda Machado and Mario Montalvan.
Attached are links to the Paris Principles, UN and EU to refer to the celebration of 62 anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights.
Click here to read more »
TRANSLATE FROM PORTUGUESE BY GOOGLE TRANSLATE
Ukrainian immigration in Portugal and in Southern Europe: the emergence of one or more communities?
January 15, 2011
The High Commissioner for Immigration and Intercultural Dialogue (ACI-IP) seeking to deepen the knowledge of all issues related to
immigration and to improve their policies to integrate immigrants in Portugal, has been promoting through its Immigration Observatory
(Www.oi.acidi.gov.pt) to conduct various scientific studies.
Following a philosophy of "learn more to do better," seeks to thus stimulate thinking about public policy integration immigrants in
Portugal and disseminate the results of scientific investigations on immigration.
Next Saturday will be presented in the study Ukrainian Immigration Portugal and Southern Europe: the emergence of one or more
communities ", Collection of the Centre Communities Immigration ACIDI. This book with coordinating Baganha Maria José Carlos
Marques and Pedro Gois, has articles in various national and regional experts International who have been studying the Ukrainian
immigration in Portugal and in southern Europe.
The launch of the Study Session, organized in collaboration with Association of Ukrainians in Portugal, will take place on June 15,
January 2011, at 15:30, at the School of Pedro de Santarém.
Click here to read more>>
Ukrainian immigration in Portugal and in Southern Europe: the emergence of one or more communities?
January 15, 2011
The High Commissioner for Immigration and Intercultural Dialogue (ACI-IP) seeking to deepen the knowledge of all issues related to
immigration and to improve their policies to integrate immigrants in Portugal, has been promoting through its Immigration Observatory
(Www.oi.acidi.gov.pt) to conduct various scientific studies.
Following a philosophy of "learn more to do better," seeks to thus stimulate thinking about public policy integration immigrants in
Portugal and disseminate the results of scientific investigations on immigration.
Next Saturday will be presented in the study Ukrainian Immigration Portugal and Southern Europe: the emergence of one or more
communities ", Collection of the Centre Communities Immigration ACIDI. This book with coordinating Baganha Maria José Carlos
Marques and Pedro Gois, has articles in various national and regional experts International who have been studying the Ukrainian
immigration in Portugal and in southern Europe.
The launch of the Study Session, organized in collaboration with Association of Ukrainians in Portugal, will take place on June 15,
January 2011, at 15:30, at the School of Pedro de Santarém.
Click here to read more>>
| Click map for larger view |
| Click flag for Country Report |
Anibal Cavaco Silva
President since 9 March 2006
President since 9 March 2006
| TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS |
None reported.
