| MOROCCO Kingdom of Morocco Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah Joined United Nations: 12 November 1956 Human Rights as assured by their constitution Updated 31 July 2012 |
See also: official French version
PART II.
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS.
ARTICLE 19.
The men and women enjoy equal human rights and freedoms of a civil, political, economic, social, cultural and environmental, as set out
in this and other provisions of the Constitution and in international conventions and covenants duly ratified by the Kingdom and that, in
accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, laws and constants of the Kingdom. The Moroccan government implement to achieve
parity between men and women. It is created for this purpose, an Authority for Equality and the fight against all forms of discrimination.
ARTICLE 20.
The right to life is the primary right of every human being. The law protects that right.
ARTICLE 21.
All are entitled to the security of their persons, their families and their property. Governments provide security for people and the country
in respect of fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed to all.
ARTICLE 22.
It can not be deprived of physical or moral integrity of anyone, under any circumstances whatsoever by any person whatsoever, private
or public. No person shall inflict on others, under any pretext whatsoever, cruel, inhuman, or degrading bearing dignity. The practice of
torture in all its forms and by anyone, is a crime punishable by law.
ARTICLE 23.
No one shall be arrested, detained, prosecuted or convicted except in cases and manner provided by law. Arbitrary detention or enforced
disappearance and secret crimes are of the utmost gravity and expose their authors to the harshest punishment. Every person arrested
must be informed immediately, in a way that they can understand, the reasons for his detention and of his rights including the right to
remain silent. She must have, at most t te, legal assistance and the possibility of communication with relatives, according to law.
The presumption of innocence and the right to a fair trial are guaranteed. A detained person shall enjoy fundamental rights and humane
conditions of detention. She may benefit from training programs and rehabilitation. Is outlawed incitement to racism, hatred and violence.
Genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and all serious and systematic violations of human rights are punished by law.
ARTICLE 24.
Everyone has the right to protect his privacy. The home is inviolable. Searches may occur only under conditions and procedures
prescribed by law. Private communications in any form whatsoever, are secret. Only justice can allow, under conditions and in the
manner provided by law, access to content, full or partial disclosure or invocation at the expense of anyone. Is guaranteed for all, freedom
to move and settle in the country, to leave and return, according to law.
ARTICLE 25.
Are guaranteed freedom of thought, opinion and expression in all its forms. Are guaranteed the freedom of creation, publication and
exhibition in literary and artistic and scientific and technical research.
ARTICLE 26.
The government provides, through appropriate means, to support the development of cultural and artistic creation, and scientific and
technical research, and promotion of sport. They promote the development and organization of these areas independently and on a
democratic basis and specific job.
ARTICLE 27.
The citizens have the right to access information held by public authorities, institutions and elected bodies with a public service mission.
The right to information can not be restricted by law, in order to protect all aspects of national defense, internal security and external
state, and the privacy of individuals, prevent the infringement of rights and freedoms enshrined in this Constitution and to protect sources
and areas specifically déterminéspar law.
ARTICLE 28.
Freedom of the press is guaranteed and can not be limited by any form of prior censorship. All have the right to express and disseminate
freely and only in the extent expressly provided by law, information, ideas and opinions. Public authorities shall support the organization of
press sector independently and on a democratic basis, and the determination of legal and ethical rules relating to it. The law sets the rules
of organization and controlled the means of public communication. It guarantees access to these means respecting linguistic pluralism,
cultural and political development of Moroccan society. Pursuant to section 165 of this Constitution, the High Authority of Audiovisual
Communication ensures compliance with this pluralism.
ARTICLE 29.
Are guaranteed freedom of assembly, assembly, peaceful demonstration, association and trade union membership and political. The law
sets the conditions for exercise of these freedoms. The right to strike is guaranteed. An organic law determines the conditions and
modalities of its exercise.
ARTICLE 30.
Are eligible to vote, all major citizens enjoying their civil and political rights. The law makes provisions to promote equal access of women
and men to elected office. Voting is a personal and a national duty. Foreigners enjoy the basic freedoms to Moroccan citizens, according
to law. Those of them who reside in Morocco may participate in local elections under the law, the application of international conventions
or practices of reciprocity. The conditions for extradition and granting asylum are defined by law.
ARTICLE 31.
The state, public institutions and local authorities are working to mobilize all means available to facilitate equal access of citizens to the
conditions allowing them to enjoy the rights:.
- Health care,.
- Social protection, medical coverage and mutual solidarity and organized by the state.
- To modern education, accessible and quality.
- Education on the attachment to the Moroccan identity and national constants immutable.
- To vocational training and physical education and artistic.
- To decent housing.
- At work and government support for research employment or self-employment.
-Access to public service on merit.
-Access to water and a healthy environment.
- Sustainable development.
ARTICLE 32.
The family, founded on the legal bond of marriage is the basic unit of society. The State Work to provide statutory protection of the
family in legal, social and economic, to ensure its unity, stability and preservation. Provide for equal legal protection and equal social and
moral consideration to all children, regardless of their family situation.
Basic education is a child's right and obligation of family and state.
There is established an Advisory Board of Family and Children.
ARTICLE 33.
It is incumbent upon governments to take all appropriate measures to:.
-Extend and generalize the participation of youth in social, economic, cultural and political development,.
-Helping young people enter working life and associations and provide assistance to those in need of special education, social or
professional.
-Facilitate access by young people to culture, science, technology, art, sport and leisure, while creating the conditions for full deployment
of their creative and innovative potential in all these areas, .
It is created for this purpose a Youth Advisory Council and community action.
ARTICLE 34.
Governments develop and implement policies for individuals and groups with special needs. To this end, including by ensuring:.
-Treat and prevent the vulnerability of certain categories of women and mothers, children and elderly.
- Rehabilitate and integrate into the social and civil life the physically and mentally sensorimotor and facilitate their enjoyment of rights and
freedoms enjoyed by all.
ARTICLE 35.
The right to property is guaranteed. The law may limit the scope and the exercise if the requirements of economic and social development
of the nation require it. It can not be carried out expropriation in cases and forms provided by law.
The state guarantees freedom of enterprise and free competition. He shall endeavor to achieve a sustainable and human development,
capable of enabling the consolidation of social justice and the preservation of national natural resources and rights of future generations.
The State shall guarantee equal opportunities for all and specific protection for the socially disadvantaged.
ARTICLE 36.
Offenses relating to conflicts of interest, insider trading and all financial offenses are punishable by law. Public authorities are obliged to
prevent and punish, according to law, all forms of crime related to the activity of government and public bodies, the use of available
funds, to the award and contract management public.
Trading in influence and privilege, abuse of dominance and monopoly, and all other practices contrary to the principles of free and fair
competition in economic relations, are sanctioned by law. There shall be a National Forum of probity and fight against corruption.
ARTICLE 37.
All Citizens must respect the Constitution and the law. They must exercise the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution in a
spirit of responsibility and engaged citizenship as the exercise of rights is correlated with the performance of duties.
ARTICLE 38.
All Citizens contribute to the defense of the country and its territorial integrity against any aggression or threat.
ARTICLE 39.
All support, in proportion to their contributory power, public office that only the law, in the manner provided by this Constitution, and
allocated.
ARTICLE 40.
All support and severally in proportion to their means, expenses necessary for the development of the country, and those resulting from
national calamities and natural disasters.
PART II.
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS.
ARTICLE 19.
The men and women enjoy equal human rights and freedoms of a civil, political, economic, social, cultural and environmental, as set out
in this and other provisions of the Constitution and in international conventions and covenants duly ratified by the Kingdom and that, in
accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, laws and constants of the Kingdom. The Moroccan government implement to achieve
parity between men and women. It is created for this purpose, an Authority for Equality and the fight against all forms of discrimination.
ARTICLE 20.
The right to life is the primary right of every human being. The law protects that right.
ARTICLE 21.
All are entitled to the security of their persons, their families and their property. Governments provide security for people and the country
in respect of fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed to all.
ARTICLE 22.
It can not be deprived of physical or moral integrity of anyone, under any circumstances whatsoever by any person whatsoever, private
or public. No person shall inflict on others, under any pretext whatsoever, cruel, inhuman, or degrading bearing dignity. The practice of
torture in all its forms and by anyone, is a crime punishable by law.
ARTICLE 23.
No one shall be arrested, detained, prosecuted or convicted except in cases and manner provided by law. Arbitrary detention or enforced
disappearance and secret crimes are of the utmost gravity and expose their authors to the harshest punishment. Every person arrested
must be informed immediately, in a way that they can understand, the reasons for his detention and of his rights including the right to
remain silent. She must have, at most t te, legal assistance and the possibility of communication with relatives, according to law.
The presumption of innocence and the right to a fair trial are guaranteed. A detained person shall enjoy fundamental rights and humane
conditions of detention. She may benefit from training programs and rehabilitation. Is outlawed incitement to racism, hatred and violence.
Genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and all serious and systematic violations of human rights are punished by law.
ARTICLE 24.
Everyone has the right to protect his privacy. The home is inviolable. Searches may occur only under conditions and procedures
prescribed by law. Private communications in any form whatsoever, are secret. Only justice can allow, under conditions and in the
manner provided by law, access to content, full or partial disclosure or invocation at the expense of anyone. Is guaranteed for all, freedom
to move and settle in the country, to leave and return, according to law.
ARTICLE 25.
Are guaranteed freedom of thought, opinion and expression in all its forms. Are guaranteed the freedom of creation, publication and
exhibition in literary and artistic and scientific and technical research.
ARTICLE 26.
The government provides, through appropriate means, to support the development of cultural and artistic creation, and scientific and
technical research, and promotion of sport. They promote the development and organization of these areas independently and on a
democratic basis and specific job.
ARTICLE 27.
The citizens have the right to access information held by public authorities, institutions and elected bodies with a public service mission.
The right to information can not be restricted by law, in order to protect all aspects of national defense, internal security and external
state, and the privacy of individuals, prevent the infringement of rights and freedoms enshrined in this Constitution and to protect sources
and areas specifically déterminéspar law.
ARTICLE 28.
Freedom of the press is guaranteed and can not be limited by any form of prior censorship. All have the right to express and disseminate
freely and only in the extent expressly provided by law, information, ideas and opinions. Public authorities shall support the organization of
press sector independently and on a democratic basis, and the determination of legal and ethical rules relating to it. The law sets the rules
of organization and controlled the means of public communication. It guarantees access to these means respecting linguistic pluralism,
cultural and political development of Moroccan society. Pursuant to section 165 of this Constitution, the High Authority of Audiovisual
Communication ensures compliance with this pluralism.
ARTICLE 29.
Are guaranteed freedom of assembly, assembly, peaceful demonstration, association and trade union membership and political. The law
sets the conditions for exercise of these freedoms. The right to strike is guaranteed. An organic law determines the conditions and
modalities of its exercise.
ARTICLE 30.
Are eligible to vote, all major citizens enjoying their civil and political rights. The law makes provisions to promote equal access of women
and men to elected office. Voting is a personal and a national duty. Foreigners enjoy the basic freedoms to Moroccan citizens, according
to law. Those of them who reside in Morocco may participate in local elections under the law, the application of international conventions
or practices of reciprocity. The conditions for extradition and granting asylum are defined by law.
ARTICLE 31.
The state, public institutions and local authorities are working to mobilize all means available to facilitate equal access of citizens to the
conditions allowing them to enjoy the rights:.
- Health care,.
- Social protection, medical coverage and mutual solidarity and organized by the state.
- To modern education, accessible and quality.
- Education on the attachment to the Moroccan identity and national constants immutable.
- To vocational training and physical education and artistic.
- To decent housing.
- At work and government support for research employment or self-employment.
-Access to public service on merit.
-Access to water and a healthy environment.
- Sustainable development.
ARTICLE 32.
The family, founded on the legal bond of marriage is the basic unit of society. The State Work to provide statutory protection of the
family in legal, social and economic, to ensure its unity, stability and preservation. Provide for equal legal protection and equal social and
moral consideration to all children, regardless of their family situation.
Basic education is a child's right and obligation of family and state.
There is established an Advisory Board of Family and Children.
ARTICLE 33.
It is incumbent upon governments to take all appropriate measures to:.
-Extend and generalize the participation of youth in social, economic, cultural and political development,.
-Helping young people enter working life and associations and provide assistance to those in need of special education, social or
professional.
-Facilitate access by young people to culture, science, technology, art, sport and leisure, while creating the conditions for full deployment
of their creative and innovative potential in all these areas, .
It is created for this purpose a Youth Advisory Council and community action.
ARTICLE 34.
Governments develop and implement policies for individuals and groups with special needs. To this end, including by ensuring:.
-Treat and prevent the vulnerability of certain categories of women and mothers, children and elderly.
- Rehabilitate and integrate into the social and civil life the physically and mentally sensorimotor and facilitate their enjoyment of rights and
freedoms enjoyed by all.
ARTICLE 35.
The right to property is guaranteed. The law may limit the scope and the exercise if the requirements of economic and social development
of the nation require it. It can not be carried out expropriation in cases and forms provided by law.
The state guarantees freedom of enterprise and free competition. He shall endeavor to achieve a sustainable and human development,
capable of enabling the consolidation of social justice and the preservation of national natural resources and rights of future generations.
The State shall guarantee equal opportunities for all and specific protection for the socially disadvantaged.
ARTICLE 36.
Offenses relating to conflicts of interest, insider trading and all financial offenses are punishable by law. Public authorities are obliged to
prevent and punish, according to law, all forms of crime related to the activity of government and public bodies, the use of available
funds, to the award and contract management public.
Trading in influence and privilege, abuse of dominance and monopoly, and all other practices contrary to the principles of free and fair
competition in economic relations, are sanctioned by law. There shall be a National Forum of probity and fight against corruption.
ARTICLE 37.
All Citizens must respect the Constitution and the law. They must exercise the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution in a
spirit of responsibility and engaged citizenship as the exercise of rights is correlated with the performance of duties.
ARTICLE 38.
All Citizens contribute to the defense of the country and its territorial integrity against any aggression or threat.
ARTICLE 39.
All support, in proportion to their contributory power, public office that only the law, in the manner provided by this Constitution, and
allocated.
ARTICLE 40.
All support and severally in proportion to their means, expenses necessary for the development of the country, and those resulting from
national calamities and natural disasters.
On 13 September 1996, the Kingdom of Morocco adopted a new Constitution to replace the previous
version adopted by Royal Decree in 1992. Fundamental differences between the two were changes to
the adoption and amendment process and an acknowledgement by the government to create a
Constitution more in line with international norms and in accordance with their original agreement to
conform with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Constitutional reforms weakening the King's
power were approved in referendum on 1 July 2011. Following are those terms specifically related to
human rights. For a full English translation Morocco's constitution, click here.
version adopted by Royal Decree in 1992. Fundamental differences between the two were changes to
the adoption and amendment process and an acknowledgement by the government to create a
Constitution more in line with international norms and in accordance with their original agreement to
conform with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Constitutional reforms weakening the King's
power were approved in referendum on 1 July 2011. Following are those terms specifically related to
human rights. For a full English translation Morocco's constitution, click here.